NOTES
1. Bruce Cumings, Wurin Koriya a cikin Rana, New York, 1997
2. Ashton B. Carter da William J. Perry, “Back to the Brink,†Washington Post, Oktoba 20, 2002. Leon V. Sigal, “Jimmy Carter,†Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists, Janairu-Fabrairu 1998.
3. “Koriya ta Kudu Ta Dakatar Da Harin Da Amurka Ta Kaiwa Koriya Ta Arewa,†.
4. Leon V. Sigal, “Jimmy Carter,†̃ Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists, Janairu-Fabrairu 1998.
5. Kenneth R. Bazinet, “U.S., Koriya Ta Arewa Kusa da Yaƙi a 1994,†̃ Jaridar New York Daily News, Oktoba 19, 2002.
6. Tsarin Yarjejeniya tsakanin DPRK da Amurka, Geneva, Oktoba 21, 1994.
7. “An Gargadi Koriya Ta Arewa Kan Yarjejeniyar Nukiliya,†, Labarun BBC, 7 ga Agusta, 2002.
8. Tsarin Yarjejeniya tsakanin DPRK da Amurka, Geneva, Oktoba 21, 1994.
9. Hans M. Kristensen, “Preemptive Posturing,†Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists, Satumba-Oktoba 2002. 4th Fighter Wing Historian, 4 Yuli 14 (takardar da Hans M. Kristensen ya samu ta Dokar 'Yancin Bayani.
10. Karen DeYoung, “Bush Ya Kwantar Da Alamar Jihohi 3 ‘Mugunta’,†Washington Post, Janairu 30, 2002.
11. “Amurka‘Tana da Jerin Lantarki na Nukiliya,†Labaran BBC, Maris 9, 2002.
12. Callum A. MacDonald, Koriya: Yaƙin Kafin Vietnam, New York, 1987. Bruce Cumings, Wurin Koriya a cikin Rana, New York, 1997 Gabriel Kolko, Arni na Yakin, New York, 1994. Callum MacDonald, “’So Mummunan ‘Yanci†– Ma’aikatar Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ta Koriya ta Arewa,– Bulletin of Concerned Asia Scholars, Afrilu-Yuni 1991. Ko da yake an san kadan, wannan daya ne. daga cikin manyan labarai masu ban mamaki da mahimmanci da na taɓa karantawa. Yana da matukar mahimmanci karatu ga duk wanda ke ƙoƙarin koyo da fahimtar Yaƙin Koriya. Ga duk wanda ke da sha'awar batun, yana da kyau lokacin da za a bi diddigin binciken a ɗakin karatu na jami'a.
13. watsa shirye-shirye, Tashar Watsa Labarai ta Pyongyang, Oktoba 15, 2002. Dan Oberdorfer, “Kujera Na Keɓaɓɓe a Tebur na Pyongyang,†Washington Post, Nuwamba 10, 2002. watsa shirye-shirye, Tashar Watsa Labarai ta Pyongyang, Oktoba 22, 2002.
14. Dan Oberdorfer, “Kujera ta mai zaman kanta a Teburin Pyongyang,†Washington Post, Nuwamba 10, 2002. Yarjejeniyar Hana Yaduwar Makaman Nukiliya. “Kammala yerjejeniyar hana cin zarafi tsakanin DPRK da Amurka, KCNA (Pyongyang), Oktoba 25, 2002. 28. “DPRK ta zargi Amurka da dafa bayanai kan shirin Nukiliya,â€TM Kamfanin Dillancin Labaran Faransa, Nuwamba 2002, 28.
15. Doug Struck, “U.S. Kunna Tattaunawa tare da Jami'an Koriya ta Arewa,†Washington Post, Oktoba 6, 2002.
16. Watsawa, Gidan Watsa Labarai na Koriya ta Tsakiya (Pyongyang), Oktoba 7, 2002.
17. “ROK Ma'aikatar Tsaro Ta Tambayoyi Ƙarfin Fasaha na DPRK don Yin Makamai Plutonium,†Yonhap (Seoul), Oktoba 17, 2002.
18. Anatoliy Yurkin, “Masana Rasha sun ce Koriya ta Arewa ba za ta iya kera Makamin Nukiliya ba,†ITAR-TASS (Moscow), 19 ga Nuwamba, 2002.
19. Judith Ingram, “Rahoto: Rasha ta soki N. Korea,†̃ Associated Press, Oktoba 31, 2002. Valery Agarkov, “Babu Hujja cewa DPRK tana da Shirin Nukiliya,†ITAR-TASS (Moscow), Oktoba 31, 2002.
20. Sohn Suk-joo, “Ministan Haɗin kai ya yi zargin cewa Amurka ta wuce gona da iri kan shirin NK Nuke,†̃ Korea Times, Oktoba 24, 2002.
21. Isabel Reynolds, ‘Jakadiyar Amurka a Tokyo don Tattaunawa kan Makaman Koriya ta Arewa,“Reuters, Oktoba 20, 2002. “U.S. Jakadan ya yi alƙawarin matsin lamba kan Koriya ta Arewa,†̃ Associated Press, Oktoba 19, 2002. Sang-Hun Choe, “U.S. Wakilin Ya Gargaɗi N. Korea game da Nukiliya,†̃ Associated Press, Oktoba 19, 2002. David E. Sanger, “U.S. Don Janyewa Daga Yarjejeniyar Makamai Da Koriya Ta Arewa,†New York Times, Oktoba 20, 2002. Robin Wright da Mark Magnier, “U.S. Ƙoƙarin Toshe Kuɗin N. Korea, Sunshine, Los Angeles Times, Oktoba 21, 2002.
22. Charles Laurence, David Wastell, Jack Fairweather, “An Cewa Sojojin Amurka Su Rusa Layukan Ta'addanci,†Daily Telegraph (London), Nuwamba 24, 2002.
23. “Kammala Yarjejeniyar Rashin Hana Tsakanin DPRK da Amurka,†KCNA (Pyongyang), Oktoba 25, 2002.
24. Scott Lindlaw, “U.S. zuwa N. Korea: Scrap Nuke Quest,â€TM Associated Press, Nuwamba 3, 2002.
25. Don haka Hyun-Chin, “Kudu ya yi kira da a ci gaba da jigilar man da Amurka ta ke kaiwa Arewa,†̃ Koriya ta Arewa (Seoul), Nuwamba 8, 2002. Kwon Kyong-Pak, “Taron TCOG – Amurka ta Nuna Kwarewa. -Tsawon Layi Kan Dakatar da Samar da Mai: ROK da Japan suna Kokarin Ragewa,†Choson Ilbo (Seoul), Nuwamba 10, 2002. Seoul), Nuwamba 10, 2002.
26. George Gedda, “U.S. don dakatar da mai zuwa Koriya ta Arewa,†Associated Press, Nuwamba 14. œS. Koriya Ta Bukaci Arewa Ta Saurari Sakon Mai 'Yan Kawayenta,' Reuters, Nuwamba 2002, 13. Stephen Fidler, “Amurka Na Neman Yake Koriya Ta Arewa,†Financial Times (London), Nuwamba 2002, 15. “KEDO Hukumar Zartarwa An Kammala Taron – 2002 ga Nuwamba, 19,†2002 ga Nuwamba, 14.
27. Tsarin Yarjejeniya tsakanin DPRK da Amurka, Geneva, Oktoba 21, 1994.
28. Yarjejeniyar Samar da Aikin Samar da Ruwan Ruwa mai Haske ga Jamhuriyar Dimokaradiyyar Koriya Tsakanin Hukumar Bunkasa Makamashi ta Koriya ta Koriya da Gwamnatin Jamhuriyar Dimokaradiyyar Koriya ta Arewa, 15 ga Disamba, 1995. Yarjejeniya Ta Tsakanin Kungiyar Bunkasa Makamashi ta Koriya ta Koriya da Gwamnatin Jamhuriyar Dimokaradiyyar Koriya kan Ayyuka a cikin lamarin rashin biyan kuɗi tare da mutunta wajibcin kuɗi,†24 ga Yuni, 1997.
29. Desaix Anderson, “Tatsuniyoyi Game da KEDO,†̃ jawabin a Georgetown-Pacific Century Institute, Maris 25, 2001. James Brooke, “U.S. Shirye-shiryen Hukunce-hukuncen Ciniki ga Koriya Ta Arewa Ya Damu da Masu Sa hannun jari na Koriya ta Kudu,†̃ New York Times, Disamba 30, 2002.
30. Bruce Cumings, Parallax Visions, Durham & London, 1999.
31. David Von Hippel, Timothy Savage, Peter Hayes, “Sashin Makamashi na DPRK: Ƙimar Ma'aunin Makamashi na Shekarar 2000 da Hanyoyi da Aka Ba da Shawarwari ga Sake Bunkasa Sashin, Rahoton Cibiyar Nautilus da aka shirya don Cibiyar Tattalin Arzikin Makamashi ta Koriya, Satumba 13, 2002. James James H. Williams, David Von Hippel, Peter Hayes, “Takardar Siyasa ta 46: Fuel da Yunwa: Rikicin Makamashi na Karkara a DPRK,†Cibiyar Jami'ar California kan Rikicin Duniya da Haɗin Kai.
32. Peter Hayes, “KEDO Fuel Oil and DPRK: Rahoton Musamman,â€TM Cibiyar Nautilus, Nuwamba 15, 2002. “N. K. Su Fama da Karancin Makamashi Ba tare da Man Fetur daga Kwararrun KEDOL ba,†̃ Koriya Times (Seoul), Nuwamba 21, 2002.
33. Park Sung-Woo, "Fuel Embargo Zai zama ‘Fatal Blow’ zuwa N. Korea," Reuters, Nuwamba 14, 2002.
34. http://antwrp.gsfc.nasa.gov/apod/ap020810.html http://antwrp.gsfc.nasa.gov/apod/image/0208/earthlights02_dmsp_big.jpg http://antwrp.gsfc.nasa.gov/apod/image/9907/asia_dmsp_big.gif
35. James H. Williams, David Von Hippel, Peter Hayes, “Takardar Siyasa ta 46: Fuel da Yunwar: Rikicin Makamashi na Karkara a DPRK,†Jami'ar California Institute on Global Conflict and Cooperation.
36. David Von Hippel, Timothy Savage, Peter Hayes, “Sashen Makamashi na DPRK: Ƙimar Ma'aunin Makamashi na Shekarar 2000 da Hanyoyi da aka Ba da Shawarwari ga Sake Bunkasa Sashin, Rahoton Cibiyar Nautilus da aka shirya don Cibiyar Tattalin Arzikin Makamashi ta Koriya, Satumba 13, 2002. James James H. Williams, David Von Hippel, Peter Hayes, “Takardar Siyasa ta 46: Fuel da Yunwa: Rikicin Makamashi na Karkara a DPRK,†Cibiyar Jami'ar California kan Rikicin Duniya da Haɗin Kai. “Ambaliya Ya Lalata Kayan Abinci na N. Koriya ta Shekara Na Biyu,†CNN, 6 ga Agusta, 1996. #1,†Hukumar Cigaban Ƙasa ta Amurka, Agusta 26, 1996. “Koriya ta Arewa: Gaggawar Abinci/Kiwon Lafiya,†Hukumar Ci Gaban Ƙasashen Duniya ta Amurka. “Koriya ta arewa ta ce da yawa sun mutu a ruwan sama, guguwa,†CNN, Satumba 22, 2000. Shirin Abinci, Yuli 27, 2001. “Wave Tidal Ta Yi Wa Koriya Ta Arewa Rikici,†̃ BBC News, Oktoba 16, 2001. 1 ga Nuwamba, 2001.
37. “Rahoto na Musamman: Hukumar FAO/WFP, Ofishin Kiwon Lafiyar Jama'ar Koriya ta Arewa, Hukumar Abinci da Aikin Noma da Hukumar Abinci ta Duniya, ranar 29 ga Yuli, 2002. Ofishin Hukumar Abinci da Aikin Noma da Hukumar Abinci ta Duniya da Hukumar Abinci ta Duniya, ta Hukumar Abinci da Aikin Noma ta Majalisar Dinkin Duniya, WFP, a ranar 28 ga Oktoba, 2002.
38. “ Yunwa ta Duniya – Koriya (DPR),’ Shirin Abinci na Duniya.
39. “Rashin Kudade Ya Sa WFP Ta Rage Taimakawa 'Yan Koriya Ta Arewa Mayunwa,†30 Sakin Labaran WFP, Satumba 2002, 1. Geoffrey York, “Miliyoyin Na Fuskantar Yunwa Bayan Karancin Taimako Ya tilastawa Majalisar Dinkin Duniya Rage Rage Rage Rabo Rabo,†Globe da kuma Mail (Toronto), Oktoba 2002, 5. Doug Struck, “Aid Used as Lever with Pyongyang,†Washington Post, Disamba 2002, 201. “U.N. Hukumar ta nemi dala miliyan 4 don ciyar da mutanen Koriya ta Arewa,†̃ Associated Press, 2002 ga Disamba, 3.
40. George Gedda, “U.S. Ya Sanya Iyaka Kan Taimakon Abinci ga N. Koriya,â€TM Kamfanin Dillancin Labarai na Associated Press, Disamba 6, 2002. Tyler Marshall, “Shirye-shiryen Nukiliya Na Iya Saka Taimakon Abinci ga N. Korea cikin Hatsari,†Los Angeles Times, Disamba 17, 2002. Jasper Becker, “An Yanke Taimakon Abinci na Koriya ta Arewa sosai,†San Francisco Chronicle, Disamba 21, 2002.
41. Bob Woodward, “Darussan ‘Aikin Amincewa’,†Washington Post, Nuwamba 19, 2002.
42. Ahmed Al-Haj, “Kftin din Jirgin da ke Dauke da Scud ya yi magana,â€TM Associated Press, Disamba 17, 2002. “U.S. ‘Yan fashin teku’ Jirgin ruwan da aka lalata: Kyaftin din Koriya ta Arewa yana dauke da makamai masu linzami zuwa Yemen,‘ canada.com, rahoton AP da ba a tantance shi ba, Disamba 17, 2002. , Disamba 20, 2002. Watsawa, Koriya ta Tsakiya Tauraron Dan Adam TV (Pyongyang), Disamba 19, 2002. Pauline Jelinek, “Yemen Ya Amince: Babu More N. Korea Missiles,†Associated Press, Disamba 12, 2002.
43. Linda Diebel, “U.S. An Bani Don Matsayin Makamai na Ƙasashen Waje,†Toronto Star, Disamba 12, 2002. Leon V. Sigal, “Koriya ta Arewa Ta Ci Gaba Da Kasancewa…,†Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists, Mayu/Yuni 2001.
44. “Amerika Tana ƙoƙarin Taimakawa Lee Hoe Chang Ya Ci Zaɓe?†, Ohmynews (Jaridar Intanet ta Koriya ta Koriya), Disamba 11, 2002.
45. Bill Tarrant, “S. Abokan hamayyar Shugabancin Koriya ta Arewa Spar Kan N. Korea,“Reuters, Disamba 18, 2002. “Serial Musamman Kan Yakin Neman Yakin Neman Zaben Shugaban Kasa– 3. Manufar Koriya ta Arewa,†Yonhap (Seoul), Nuwamba 18, 2002. “Wataƙila Amurka za ta dena Dabarun Matsi akan NK a yanzu,†̃ Koriya Times (Seoul), Nuwamba 8, 2002. , Disamba 15, 2002.
46. Howard W. Faransa, “Seoul May Sake Hulda da Amurka,†New York Times, Disamba 20, 2002. Howard W. French, “Bush da Sabon Shugaban Koriya Ta Arewa Su Dauka Kan Batutuwa,†. New York Times, Disamba 21, 2002.
47. Mike Allen da Barton Gellman, “Rashin Rikici na Tsari na Sashe na Rukunan Dabarun Amurka,†Washington Post, Disamba 11,2002.
48. Ser Myo-Ja, “EU ta Hana Dala Miliyan 20 daga Aikin Reactor Reactor na Arewa,†JoongAng Ilbo (Seoul), Disamba 15, 2002. George Gedda, “N. Koriya ta fuskanci sanyin sanyi na rage mai,†̃ Associated Press, Disamba 11, 2002.
49. “Bayanin Cikakkun Rubutun NK’ don Soke Daskarewar Nuke,†JoongAng Ilbo (Seoul), Disamba 13, 2002.
50. Tyler Marshall da Barbara Demick, “N. Maƙwabtan Koriya Sun Yarda da Hard Line na Amurka, Los Angeles Times, Disamba 19, 2002. Paul Eckert, “N. Koriya ta ce tana sake kunna tashar Nukiliya, “Reuters, Disamba 12, 2002.
51. Jacques Isnard, “Mr. Bush ya yanke shawarar tura Matakin Farko na Shirin Garkuwan Kare Makamai na Amurka,†Le Monde (Paris), Disamba 19, 2002. Charles Aldinger, “U.S. don Fara Bada Tsarin Kare Makami mai linzami,“Reuters, Disamba 17, 2002.
52. “U.S. Laifi ga Matakan da aka ɗauka don Daskarewar Nukiliya,†KCNA (Pyongyang), Disamba 15, 2002.
53. Bill Tarrant, “Koriya ta Arewa Za Ta Iya Sake Bude Kamfanin Nukiliya a Makwanni,†,Reuters, Disamba 11, 2002.
54. “Rubutun Wasika da Koriya ta Arewa ta Aika zuwa ga Majalisar Dinkin Duniya mai sa ido kan Nukiliya,†Associated Press, Disamba 27, 2002.
55. Kim Young-Sae, “Damuwa Ta Taso A Nan Kan Rushe Seals,†JoongAng Ilbo, Disamba 26, 2002. Kim Young-Sik, “Arewa ta nemi IAEA ta Cire Tsarin Kula da Nukiliya,†Tong-a Ilbo (Seoul) ), Disamba 14, 2002. “Reactor Zai Iya Daukar Shekaru Don Kera Makamai 1,†̃ Amurka A Yau, 27 ga Disamba, 2002.
56. “Rasha ta ce Koriya ta Arewa ba za ta iya bunkasa shirin nukiliyar soja ba,†̃ Interfax News Agency (Moscow), Disamba 27, 2002. Vladimir Golovchansky, “N Korea na iya samun Plutonium Warheads – Rashan Analyst,†ITAR- TASS (Moscow), Disamba 23, 2002. [Lura – wani take mai ban sha'awa ga labarin wanda aka faɗi akasin haka.
57. Ron Fournier, “U.S. Ya yi Allah wadai da Korar Koriya ta Arewa,†̃ Associated Press, Disamba 27, 2002. David E. Sanger, “Bush Aids Back Effort for UN Denunciation of North Korea,†New York Times, Disamba 27, 2002. Jonathan D. Salant, “U.S. Shirye-shirye don Haɓaka Matsaloli akan N. Korea,†̃ Associated Press, Disamba 28, 2002. John Gittings da Oliver Burkeman, “Bush Shirye-shiryen Takunkumi akan Koriya ta Arewa,†The Guardian (London), Disamba 30, 2002.
58. David E. Sanger da James Dao, “Koriya ta Arewa ta ce ta dawo da damar mallakar Plutonium, New York Times, Disamba 23, 2002. Paul Eckert, “Matsi kan Koriya ta Arewa ba zai yi aiki ba, in ji ta Kudu. ,“Reuters, Disamba 30, 2002. “Shugaba Kim mai shakku game da shirin takunkumin Amurka,†JoongAng Ilbo (Seoul), Disamba 30, 2002.
59. John Larkin da Murray Hiebert, “Maganar Da ake Bukatar Kaucewa Hare-Hare,†̃ Bitar Tattalin Arziki na Far Eastern, Disamba 25, 2002 – Janairu 2, 2003.
60. Ju Yong-Jung, “US Hawk Ya Yi Gargadi Kada Ya Zama Zaɓin Soja,†Chosun Ilbo (Seoul), Disamba 18, 2002.
61. David Stout, “Rumsfeld ya ce, Idan ya zama dole, Amurka za ta iya Yaki sau 2 a lokaci daya,†New York Times, Disamba 24, 2002.
62. Suzanne Goldenberg, “Masu sa ido suna ba da wa'adin Pyongyang Makamai,†The Guardian, Nuwamba 30, 2002.
63. Katerina Labetskaya, “Mataimakin ministan harkokin waje Georgi Mamedov ya tattauna game da Iraki, Koriya ta Arewa, Iran, Vremya Novostei (Moscow), Disamba 23, 2002.
64. Robin Shepherd, “Barazana ba za ta canza komai ba, in ji Rasha,†The Times (London), Disamba 28, 2002.
65. “Seoul Yana Taka Hatsaniya Yayin Da Duniya Ta Yi Allah-wadai Da Shirin Nukiliya Na Koriya Ta Arewa,†Kamfanin Dillancin Labaran Faransa, Disamba 27, 2002.
66. Kim Min-Seouk da Jung Chang-Hyun, “Masu nazari na Koriya ta Kudu: Karin Tattaunawa kan Rikicin Nukiliya,†JoongAng Ilbo (Seoul), Disamba 28, 2002.
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