Fiye da shekara guda bayan da ta daskare dala biliyan 7 na asusun babban bankin kasar Afganistan, sakamakon nasarar da dakarun Taliban suka samu, Amurka ta sanar da cewa za ta yi amfani da rabin kudaden wajen kafa wani asusu a wani banki na kasar Switzerland don taimakawa wajen daidaita tattalin arzikin Afghanistan.
Kin amincewar da shugaba Joe Biden ya yi a cikin shekarar da ta gabata na bai wa babban bankin Afganistan damar mallakar asusun ajiyarsa ya haifar da matsalar tattalin arziki da ta jefa mafi yawan al'ummar kasar shiga ciki. matsanancin talauci da rashin abinci mai gina jiki. Bugu da ƙari, a cikin Fabrairu, Biden ya ba da sanarwar cewa yana tanadi rabin kuɗin Afghanistan ga iyalan waɗanda harin 9 ga Satumba ya rutsa da su, da kuma hamma daga gidajen labarai na TV.FAIR.org, 2/15/22).
Kafa "Asusun Afganistan" wani rabin ma'auni ne wanda, duk da cewa kusan tabbas zai samar da wasu agajin da ake bukata, yana ci gaba da satar rabin kudaden ba bisa ka'ida ba, da kuma tabarbarewar tattalin arzikin kasar ta hanyar durkusar da babban bankin kasar. (Masanin tattalin arziki Andrés Arauz ya bayyana shirin Biden a matsayin "farawa mai zaman kansa mai zaman kansa 'tsakiyar banki' daga karce," kuma yana jayayya cewa "mummunan ra'ayi ne" -CEPR, 9/15/22.)
A lokacin da gwamnati ta mamaye wata kasa, ta mamaye ta na tsawon shekaru 20, sannan ta tura ta cikin mawuyacin hali ta hanyar ware mafi yawan kudadenta, za ka sa ran ’yan jarida nagari daga kasar za su bibiyi labarin sosai, su kuma yi wa gwamnatinsu hisabi. A cikin Amurka, a maimakon haka, kuna samun mafi yawan shuru da maganganun gwamnati.
Rufe alhakin Amurka
Labarin yadda Biden ya mayar da ma'ajiyar Afganistan ba wata kafar watsa labarai ta TV ba ta ambace shi ba, a cewar wani binciken da aka yi a cibiyar labarai ta Nexis. Wannan gazawar ba abin mamaki ba ne, idan aka yi la'akari da rashin sha'awar mutanen Afghanistan da zarar an kammala janyewar sojojin Amurka-bayan kukan da za a yi game da makomar mutanen yayin janyewar kanta.FAIR.org, 12/21/21).
The Los Angeles Times (9/15/22) run a AP bayar da rahoto kan kudaden a shafin sa na farko. Wannan rahoto-wanda kuma ya gudana a cikin manyan takardu kamar Chicago Tribune da kuma Baltimore Sun- ya rufe alhakin Amurka game da lamarin, ta yin amfani da harshe na sirri don bayyana cewa "an dakatar da tallafin kasa da kasa ga Afganistan" da "biliyoyin daloli na kadarorin gundumar a kasashen waje, galibi a Amurka, an daskare" bayan ficewar Amurka.
Biden ya ba da sanarwar cewa rabin kudin za a sace ta yadda ya kamata daga mutanen Afghanistan, wadanda ba su da wata alaka da 9/11, kuma an kebe su ga iyalan wadanda abin ya shafa na 9/11, haka nan kuma an ba da rahotonsu da yare mai tsauri kuma babu wata takaddama: "Sauran dala biliyan 3.5 za su zauna a Amurka don biyan kudaden da Amurka ke fuskanta daga ta'addanci."
Abinda kawai ya faɗi AP An ba da tayin daga jami'an Amurka da bankin Swiss.
CNN.com (9/14/22) Har ila yau, ya nakalto jami'an Amurka kawai, kuma sun ba da kyakkyawan kimantawa: "Ta hanyar kafa wannan tsarin, Amurka tana bayyana a fili cewa suna da niyyar samun daskararrun kudaden ga mutanen Afghanistan" - wanda ke da wuya a yi amfani da shi tare da tsarawa. cikakken rabin kudaden ga 'yan Amurka, ba mutanen Afghanistan ba.
'Damuwa da ban mamaki'
The New York Times da kuma Washington Post aƙalla sun haɗa da kowane mai sukar haƙƙin ɗan adam, amma har yanzu ya haɗa da harshe da ke raina laifuffukan Amurka. A cikin Times (9/14/22), dan jarida Charlie Savage ya gaya wa masu karatu cewa rikicin "wani mawuyacin hali ne":
Tattalin arzikin Afganistan ya shiga cikin wani mawuyacin hali lokacin da gwamnatinta ta durkushe a lokacin da Taliban suka karbe iko a watan Agustan 2021. Taimakon kudi da kuma kashe kudade na kasa da kasa ya kafe, a wani bangare saboda Taliban kungiyar ta'addanci ce da aka ayyana a karkashin takunkumin Amurka da na kasa da kasa wanda ya mai da shi laifin mika mulki. kudin da zai iya kaiwa gare su.
A cikin wannan tsari, ba takunkuman Amurka ne ke da laifi ba, sai dai gaskiyar cewa "Taliban kungiyar ta'addanci ce da aka ayyana" don haka ta fuskanci takunkumi. Wa ya zaba? Ta hanyar rashin amsa wannan tambaya, da Times ya kawar da hankali daga yanke shawara na Amurka da kuma mummunan tasirinsa ga al'ummar Afghanistan.
Sukar kawai da ba a yarda da ita ba da ke fitowa a cikin kowace tashar labarai ta Amurka da za mu iya samu ta fito ne daga Mark Weisbrot na Cibiyar Nazarin Tattalin Arziki da Siyasa, wanda ya shaida wa jaridar. Washington Post (9/14/22), "Wannan matakin ba zai yiwu ya rama cutar da tattalin arzikin Afganistan da kuma miliyoyin mutanen da ke fama da yunwa ba, a babban bangare saboda kwace ajiyar babban bankin kasar da Amurka ta yi."
The PostJeff Stein kuma kusan shi kadai ya hada da suka daga mai magana da yawun babban bankin Afganistan. (Sauran manyan labaran Amurka daya tilo da muka samu wanda ya hada da magana daga mai magana da yawun Taliban ita ce Wall Street Journal-9/14/22).
Duk da haka, da Post ya kasa taimakawa shigar da tsoho-safe-gefe biyu cikin labarin:
Masana tattalin arziki sun ce daskare wadannan kudade ya haifar da durkushewar tattalin arzikin Afganistan da kuma matsalar yunwa, amma gwamnatin Biden da sauran manazarta sun ce ba za a amince da kungiyar Taliban ta gudanar da irin wadannan makudan kudade ba.
Kiran sakin kudade
Ba Amurka ita kadai ba ce cikin damuwarta game da Taliban, amma hujjar Washington bata da gaskiya. Kudaden babban bankin kasar nan ba mallakin gwamnatin kasar bane, kuma wannan gwamnati ba za ta iya cire su ba don kawai manufarta; Mafi rinjaye - kusan kashi 90% - na hannun jarin bankin a zahiri na ƴan ƙasar Afghanistan ne da kasuwanci (CEPR.net, 9/15/22).
Shi ya sa da yawa mutane da kungiyoyi a duniya, ciki har da kungiyoyin kare hakkin dan adam, tattalin arziki da Sakatare Janar na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya, sun bukaci a saki dukkan kudaden zuwa babban bankin kasar.
The earmarking na rabin kudi ga 9/11 iyalai-wanda rukuni na tattalin arziki ciki har da Joseph Stiglitz da ake kira "mai sabani da rashin adalci" - yana da ban sha'awa musamman. Kelly Campbell, wanda ya kafa 9/11 Iyalai don Zaman Lafiya, ya gaya wa Tsarin kalma (6/6/22):
Gaskiyar lamarin ita ce, wadannan ajiyar kudaden mutanen Afghanistan ne. Tunanin cewa suna gab da yunwa kuma za mu riƙe kuɗinsu don kowace manufa kuskure ne. Mutanen Afganistan ba su da alhakin harin 9/11, suna fama da 9/11 kamar yadda danginmu suke. Don ɗaukar kuɗinsu kuma in kalli su a zahiri suna fama da yunwa—Ba zan iya tunanin wani abu mai baƙin ciki ba.
Bace: muryoyin mata
Hatta wadanda kasashen Yamma suka fi nuna damuwa da su, matan Afganistan, sun yi kakkausar suka kan yadda Biden ke tafiyar da kudaden. A cikin Maris, Amurka ta soke tattaunawar da za ta yi a Doha da Taliban game da kudaden, watakila saboda Taliban ta sauya shawarar da ta yanke na barin 'yan mata su halarci makarantar sakandare (Reuters, 3/27/22). Amma kamar yadda Jamila Afghani, wacce ta kafa kuma shugabar kungiyar mata ta kasa da kasa ta kungiyar zaman lafiya da 'yanci ta Afganistan, ta yi gardama sosai (Al Jazeera, 12/4/21): "Ba ma tallafa wa matan Afghanistan ta hanyar kashe su da yunwa."
A cikin op-ed na Foreign Policy (1/31/22Watanni da dama bayan daskarewar, Jamila Afghani da Yifat Susskind na kungiyar kare hakkin mata ta duniya MADRE sun yi iƙirarin cewa tsarar da masu tsara manufofin Amurka game da lamarin ya ba da zaɓi na ƙarya tsakanin taimakon tattalin arziki da 'yancin mata-wanda, a cewarsu, yana da tushe. munafuncin tarihi,” kamar yadda Amurka ta yi amfani da ’yancin mata don tabbatar da yakinsu, duk da kashe kusan sau 1,000 kan ayyukan soji fiye da inganta ’yancin mata. (Duba FAIR.org, 8/23/21.)
"A zahiri," in ji Afghani da Susskind, "Hanya mafi kyau ga masu tsara manufofi don tabbatar da ayyukansu na inganta farfadowar tattalin arziki mai inganci ita ce sanya muryoyin shugabannin matan Afghanistan da kuma bin shawarwarin su."
Dogara ga 'yan jaridun Amurka ga majiyoyin hukuma yana nufin cewa zaɓin ƙarya tsakanin taimakon tattalin arziki da 'yancin mata ba kawai labarin mai tsara manufofi ba ne, amma mafi rinjayen labarun watsa labarai kuma. A cikin labari ko daya a cikin sabon labarin da aka ji ba a ji muryar wata 'yar Afganistan ba - balle a ce a tsakiya. Haka kuma ba a ji muryoyin farar hula na maza ba, don haka. A cikin wani labari na asali game da makomar mutanen Afganistan, ga 'yan jaridar Amurka, waɗancan mutanen ba su wuce ƴan baranda ba.
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