Kwanaki dari hudu da arba'in da biyu bayan Lehman Brothers ya ayyana fatarar kudi, a karshe majalisar wakilan Amurka ta zartar da dokar yin garambawul ga kudi.
Tsawon jinkiri tsakanin farkon rikicin kudi - sakamakon kai tsaye na karni na kwata na rushewa - da nassi na Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act na 2009 bai yi amfani da hanyar gyara ba.
Yayin da lokaci ya wuce, fushin jama'a game da bailout na Wall Street ya zama mafi yaduwa. Kuma Wall Street ta ci gaba da kamfen ɗin ta don lalata yunƙurin kawo sauyi.
Kudirin da aka zartar a yau ya ƙunshi wasu ingantattun matakai, amma bai yi kusan isa ba don yin tasiri a cikin bankunan Wall Street. Ba daidai ba ne da barnar da Wall Street ta yi a cikin ƙasa da duniya.
Mafi mahimmanci a gefen tabbatacce, lissafin yana haifar da hukumar kula da masu amfani da kuɗi mai ƙarfi. Idan da Hukumar Kare Kudade Masu Amfani ta wanzu a cikin shekaru masu zuwa a farkon wannan shekaru goma, da zai iya hana miliyoyin masu amfani da zage-zage - kuma ta kare bankunan daga kansu. Rikicin kuɗi da ya ragu sosai.
Har ila yau, lissafin ya ƙunshi wasu tanadi masu fa'ida masu fa'ida waɗanda ke kafa alhaki ga kamfanoni masu ƙima da ƙima, daidaita abubuwan da suka samo asali da kuma sanya iyaka ga manyan cibiyoyi. Kuma ya haɗa da ma'auni mai mahimmanci don cikakken nazarin jama'a na Tarayyar Tarayya.
Amma akwai manyan ramuka a cikin dokar. Titin Wall Street ya yi nasarar yin amfani da shi don kiyaye yawancin mahimman manyan gyare-gyaren hoto daga tebur.
* Kudirin ya yi kadan don magance tsarin masana'antu. Wall Street da manyan bankunan sun tsunduma cikin yin fare na rashin hankali a ƙarƙashin imanin cewa sun yi girma da yawa don gazawa - cewa an kiyaye su ta hanyar bayan fage na tarayya. Manyan bankunan yanzu ma sun fi yadda suke kafin rikicin. Maganin matsalar babbar matsala ita ce a wargaza manyan bankunan, ta yadda tsarin zai iya shawo kan gazawarsu. Kudirin ya kasa sanya iyaka akan girman bankin.
Yawancin labaran labarai suna ba da haske a cikin yaudarar cewa kudirin yana ba masu mulki ikon wargaza manyan cibiyoyin hada-hadar kudi. Kudirin ya ba da ikon - amma kawai a kan gano "babban barazana ga kwanciyar hankali ko tattalin arzikin Amurka." Yana da wuyar gaske cewa masu gudanarwa ba za su taɓa samun irin wannan binciken ba.
*Matsalar da ke da alaƙa ita ce cuɗanyawar banki na kasuwanci da zuba jari a cikin kamfanoni guda ɗaya da kuma haifar da haɗarin wuce gona da iri daga bankunan kasuwanci masu samun tallafin inshorar tarayya. Kudirin ya kasa raba banki na kasuwanci da zuba jari, kamar yadda dokar Glass Steagall ta yi kafin sokewa a 1999, ko kuma magance wannan matsalar.
* Abubuwan da suka samo asali na kudi da sauran kayan aikin ban mamaki - wanda Warren Buffett ya yiwa lakabi da makaman barnatar kudi - sun rura wutar rikicin. Kudirin ya ƙunshi ƙa'idodi masu ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun kuɗi amma ya bar fiye da kashi ɗaya cikin huɗu na kasuwa ba tare da tsari ba kuma yana ƙunshe da madaukai don ba da damar wani babban yanki don guje wa sarrafa tsari. Hatta ga abubuwan da lissafin ya ƙunshi, sabbin dokokin suna da iyaka. Kudirin bai kafa ka'idojin musaya don cinikai na asali ba. Ba ya hana kayan aikin kuɗi waɗanda ke yin kaɗan fiye da ba da damar yin caca mai girma. Kuma baya buƙatar masu siyar da kayan aikin don tabbatar da cewa fa'idodin sabbin samfuran su sun fi tsada da haɗari ga tsarin kuɗi.
* Har ila yau, kudirin ya kasa tunkarar matsalar albashin ma’aikata da manyan ma’aikata. Wall Street ya yi wa Majalisa ba'a - da jama'ar Amurka - ta hanyar shirya biyan dubun-dubatar daloli a cikin kari, a cikin inuwar kuri'a kan tsarin kudi kuma yayin da bangaren hada-hadar kudi ke ci gaba da cin gajiyar biliyoyin daloli na tallafin jama'a.
Aƙalla, ya kamata a sami ƙa'idodi masu ɗaure waɗanda ke ba da izinin biyan lamuni da aiki na dogon lokaci. Domin 2009, ya kamata kuma a sami harajin iska da aka sanya akan ribar Wall Street da kari.
Ba asiri ba ne dalilin da yasa wannan dokar ba ta fi karfi ba. Wall Street ya kashe dala biliyan 5 a cikin jarin siyasa a cikin shekaru goma kafin rikicin kuɗi don samun raguwa da rashin aiwatar da dokokin da ake da su. Duk da Wall Street ya rushe tattalin arzikin, babu abin da ya canza akan Capitol Hill. Titin Wall Street yana ci gaba da saka hannun jari sosai a siyasa kuma yana yin tasiri mai yawa. Fiye da tsoffin ma'aikatan tarayya 900, ciki har da tsoffin 'yan majalisar wakilai 70, suna aiki a matsayin masu fafutuka a fannin ayyukan kudi a wannan shekara. Wall Street ya kashe fiye da dala miliyan 40 kan gudunmawar yakin neman zabe tun watan Nuwamba 2008.
Amma Wall Street bai sami cikakkiyar damar samun hanyarsa ba. Manyan masu fafutuka na Wall Street sun sanar a farkon tsarin majalisar cewa sun yi niyya don "kashe" Hukumar Kare Kudade Masu Amfani, kuma sun kasa. Yanzu, yayin da kudurin dokar ke kan gaba ga Majalisar Dattawa, har yanzu akwai damar da za a iya tada hankalin jama'a don neman iko mai nisa a Wall Street.
Robert Weissman shi ne shugaban kasa Jama'a na Jama'a.
ZNetwork ana samun kuɗi ta hanyar karimcin masu karatun sa.
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