Lalacewar da yunƙurin samar da riba na kamfanoni ya haifar ya ƙara bayyana a cikin 'yan shekarun nan. A cikin yankuna mafi mahimmanci na rayuwar Amurkawa, canje-canje masu lalacewa sun faru.
- Kiwon Lafiya: Kusan rabin manya masu shekarun aiki a Amurka sun wuce ziyarar likitoci ko wasu ayyukan likita saboda ba za su iya biyan kuɗi ba. Tsarin bai tallafa wa yara ba. Wani binciken UNICEF ya sanya Amurka ta 26 a cikin kasashe 29 na OECD a cikin rayuwar 'ya'yanta gaba daya.
- ilimi: Ma'aunin rancen ɗalibai ya ƙaru da kashi 75 tsakanin 2007 da 2012.
- Dukiyar Gida: Arzikin tsaka-tsaki ya faɗi da kashi 66 cikin ɗari a tsakanin gidajen Hispanic da kashi 53 cikin ɗari a tsakanin gidajen baƙi tsakanin 2005 zuwa 2009, musamman saboda durkushewar bankunan jinginar gida. Kusan rabin Amurkawa ba su da arziki, inda dukiyarsu ta zarce da bashi.
- Ruwa da Abinci: An ƙara ɗaukar iri masu ba da rai da ruwan sha a matsayin kayan da ake saye da sayarwa.
Duk waɗannan fagage na rayuwa an lalata su ta hanyar tsarin kasuwa na kyauta wanda ya bunƙasa akan bincike na jama'a, abubuwan more rayuwa, da tsaro. Amma duk da haka a cikin nuna kyama na munafunci, manyan kamfanoni sun yi watsi da duk matsalolin da suka haifar, inda suka zabi rage harajin su rabi duk da ninka ribar da suke samu, su rike kashi 60 cikin XNUMX na kudadensu a teku, don kawar da ma’aikata maimakon samar da ayyukan yi. da kuma rage albashin sauran ma’aikatansu. Wani jami'in Apple ya yi bayanin: "Ba mu da wani wajibi don magance matsalolin Amurka."
Babu Mubaya'a Ga Kowa
Manyan 'yan kasuwa sun sami ci gaba, duniyar da miliyoyin mutane ke shirye su yi aiki don ɗan ƙaramin albashin Amurka. A cikin wannan mafarkin duniyar jari-hujja ta duniya, matasa suna tashi daga kuɗin shiga a gonaki zuwa ƴan daloli a rana kan aikin masana'anta na sa'o'i 12 - kuma bisa ga ƙaƙƙarfan talauci na Bankin Duniya na $ 1.25 a kowace rana, ba sa wanzuwa. "cikin talauci." Don haka kafafen yada labarai suka taru kan yabo ga kasuwanni masu ‘yanci. The Economist shelar cewa "talauci yana raguwa a ko'ina." The Washington Post Gushed cewa "An fitar da mutane biliyan daya daga kangin talauci ta hanyar gasar kasuwa mai 'yanci."
Amma gaskiyar ta bambanta sosai. Matsayin talauci bai canza sosai ba cikin shekaru 30, inda kusan rabin bil'adama, kusan mutane biliyan 3, ke rayuwa a ƙasa da dala 2.50 a rana. Kashi ɗaya cikin huɗu na yaran duniya—ƙanana sama da miliyan 170 ‘yan ƙasa da shekara 5—suna girma a kan karaga saboda rashin abinci mai gina jiki.
Bankin Duniya ya yi kiyasin adadin kudin da ake kashewa wajen cin nasarar kai hari kan rashin abinci mai gina jiki zai kai kusan dala biliyan 10.3 zuwa dala biliyan 11.8 a duk shekara. Apple shi kadai ya kasa biyan harajinsa na shekarar 2012 da dala biliyan 11, bisa kashi 35 cikin dari kawai. Yana iya zama lokaci da za a sabunta furucin kamfanin: "Ba mu da wani wajibi don magance matsalolin duniya."
Ko da babu wani takalifi na taimakawa wajen magance matsalolin duniya, akwai wajibcin biyan kudin amfani da makamashi a duniya, amfani da ababen more rayuwa da gurbatar masana'antu. Amma duk da haka bita kan kamfanoni 25 na duniya ya nuna sakaci a fili wajen cimma wannan alhakin. Kamfanoni 25-da kusan rabin tiriliyan a cikin kuɗin shiga na 2011-12-sun biya kashi 8 cikin ɗari na haraji ga Amurka da kashi 9 ga ƙasashen waje. Harajin kashi 35 cikin 90—da aka biya kowace ƙasa ko ƙasa—zai sami ƙarin dala biliyan 2 a cikin shekaru 4, adadin da ake buƙata sau XNUMX don yaƙi da rashin abinci mai gina jiki.
Yin Biyan Duniya
Wani bincike na baya-bayan nan ya yi kiyasin cewa gurbatacciyar gurbatar yanayi tana shafar lafiyar mutane sama da miliyan 100, inda ta rage tsawon rayuwarsu ta tsawon shekaru 12.7 a matsakaita. Wani bincike mai alaka da shi ya kammala da cewa a cikin 2010 sama da mutane miliyan 8 na cikin hadarin kamuwa da gurbacewar masana'antu a wuraren sharar gida 373 a cikin kasashe uku masu karamin karfi (Indiya, Indonesia, da Philippines).
Wasu daga cikin manyan kamfanonin mu na ƙasa-da-kasa suna riƙe manyan mukamai a cikin lissafin rashin da'a na ɗan kwangila na tarayya, wanda ya fahimci xa'a na muhalli na kamfanoni da cin zarafin aiki. Ana yawan zubar da mai. Kasashe da ba su ci gaba ba kamar Najeriya sun lalace sakamakon hako mai. Manyan kamfanoni suna siyan filayen noma a cikin kasashe masu tasowa sama da 60. Mafi yawan rikice-rikice, ƴan ƙasa da ƙasa suna aiki tuƙuru don cimma yarjejeniyoyin kasuwanci, kamar haɗin gwiwar Trans-Pacific, wanda a zahiri zai wargaza kariyar muhalli.
Ba zato ba tsammani, a 1991 magana daga Larry Summers na Bankin Duniya yanzu ya dawo kan mu: “Kawai tsakanina da ku, bai kamata Bankin Duniya ya ƙarfafa ƙarin ƙaura daga masana'antu masu datti zuwa LDCs (ƙasashen da suka ci gaba ba). )…. A koyaushe ina tunanin cewa kasashen da ba su da yawan jama'a a Afirka suna cikin gurbatar yanayi."
Kuma yayin da manyan ‘yan kasuwa ke ci gaba da tafiya a duniya, suna yin fashi da wawashe dukiyar al’umma, sojojin Amurka sun rufe bayansu da sansanoni 900 a ketare a kasashe 130. Idan ɗaya daga cikin ƙasashen ya harba hayaniya, kamfanoni na iya matsawa zuwa na gaba.
Z
Paul Buchheit malami ne na koleji, memba ne na Amurka Uncut Chicago, wanda ya kafa kuma mai haɓaka adalci na zamantakewa da yanar gizo na ilimi (UsAgainst Greed.org, PayUpNow.org, Rapping History.org), kuma edita kuma babban marubucin littafin. Warsin Amurka: Lissafi da Gaskiya (Clarity Press).