O
n
Janairu 23, 2005 Joan Garry, babban darektan 'yan luwadi da madigo
Advocates Against Defamation (GLAAD), ta sanar da cewa za ta kasance
ta bar mukaminta bayan ta shafe shekara takwas tana aiki. Garry - wanda ya zo
zuwa GLAAD bayan shekaru 16 a cikin masana'antar nishaɗi-an kawo
sabon salo ga abin da ya fara a matsayin gungun masu fafutuka a ciki
1985 don magance munanan hotunan mutanen gayu a cikin kafofin watsa labarai.
gwagwarmaya
irin su Jeelle Gomez, Joan Nestle, da Vito Russo da aka yi nufin GLAAD
don zama ƙungiyar masu sa ido masu tayar da hankali da za su haɗa al'umma
mayar da martani ga son zuciya, rahotan labarai na gaba da gayu. Sama da
shekaru, duk da haka, GLAAD ya rikide zuwa wata kungiya ta kasa aiki
a kowace shekara akan dala miliyan 7 tare da ajanda na siyasa wanda ke da ban tsoro
mafi kyau - a mafi munin, yana da haɗari ga 'yancin magana, magana mai fasaha,
da muradun mutanen LGBT.
A karkashin
Jagorancin Garry, GLAAD ya ƙara shiga cikin haɓakawa
da kuma kai hari "mai kyau" da "marasa kyau" hotuna na queers
a cikin masana'antar nishaɗi. Ganin asalin Garry, wannan
bai kamata ya zama abin mamaki ba. Ta kasance mataimakiyar shugaban kasuwanci
ayyuka don Showtime. Kafin haka ta taimaka ta kaddamar da MTV. A matsayin darakta
na ci gaban kasuwanci don MTV Networks ta kafa sababbin tashoshi
kuma ya taimaka ƙirƙirar lambar yabo ta MTV Video Music Awards na shekara-shekara. Godiya ga Garry's
gwaninta da hangen nesa, GLAAD yana ɗaya daga cikin fitattun shawarwarin LGBT
kungiyoyi a kasar.
So
menene matsalar? Ba za mu iya tsammanin ƙungiyoyin ƙasa ba
daga tsakiyar 1980s don zama makale a cikin siyasa mai shekaru 20 da
tunanin tattalin arziki. Amma GLAAD da gaske ya zama hannun jari
nishadi masana'antu. Tabbas, hannu ne wanda ke “inganta”—komai
wannan a zahiri yana nufin - hotuna masu kyau na mutanen LGBT, amma yana da
ta cire kanta daga matsayin waje na yin tsokaci a kafafen yada labarai
zuwa matsayi na ciki na aiki tare da mutanen da ke samar da waɗannan
hotuna.
wannan
dangantakar haɗin gwiwa ta tabbatar da matsala a matakai da yawa.
A hannu ɗaya, GLAAD- galibi ta hanyar samun riba mai yawa na shekara-shekara
kyautar cin abinci a Los Angeles, San Francisco, da New York - taya murna
mutane, shirye-shiryen talabijin, da jaridu don inganta inganci
hotunan 'yan luwadi. Wadannan na iya zuwa daga maɗaukaki-wannan
wadanda aka zaba na shekara don Fitattun Mawallafin Jarida, Patrick
Moore
(Los Angeles Times
,
Newsday
) da kuma Frank Rich
(da
New York Times
) -ga wawa: Oliver Stone's
Alexander
, wanda aka zaba a matsayin Fitaccen Fim na
Shekara, a fili saboda mai yin sa ya kasance bisexual. (GLAAD ba
ze damu da hakan
Alexander
ya kasance daya daga cikin na farko proto-fascists
tare da kisa sha'awar mamaye duniya da kuma bin duk sauran
al'adunsa.)
amma
tare da yabo ga "fitattun" abubuwan samarwa da
mutane, GLAAD kuma yana ƙoƙari ya binne mugayen, kuma a nan ne
wasu matsaloli suna tasowa. Abu ɗaya ne ga GLAAD-ko kowace ƙungiya-zuwa
sukar jaridu, mujallu, da shirye-shiryen talabijin don gabatarwa
bayanin mai gefe daya da na luwadi. Amma GLAAD ya yi rawar gani sosai
don samun wasu nunin-kamar Dr. Laura Schlessinger's da
Mike Savage's - an cire shi daga iska kuma ya yi kira da a kaurace wa
na masu fasaha irin su Eminem.
Bugu da ari,
a cikin 2002 GLAAD ya matsa wa Cibiyar Nuna Wasan Wasanni don cire wani labari na 1972
na "Wasan Match" saboda, a cikin lokacin wasan kwaikwayo
wauta, baƙi Dick Gautier (Hymie daga "Get Smart")
da matarsa, Barbara, sun amsa tambayar mai masaukin baki Gene Rayburn,
"Doris kawai ta yi aure kuma ta gano mijinta 'ba komai ba ne,"
da "faga." Daga baya wannan shekarar GLAAD ta yanke shawarar cewa Kevin Smith's
comedy
Jay da Silent Bob Sun Buga Baya
ya kasance dan luwadi. Scott
Seomin, darektan watsa labarai na nishadi na GLAAD, ya rubuta cewa
"ya cika da mummunan tasirin da zai iya haifar da fim din
tare da abin da za mu ɗauka shine babban kaso na masu sauraron sa:
samari da matasa manya maza." Ya kara da cewa GLAAD “zai yi
zama jama'a kuma masu tsaurin ra'ayi a cikin hukuncinmu kuma za mu ba da hujja
ga ra'ayoyinmu."
So
yaya GLAAD ya ci gaba? Sun gaya wa Smith cewa shi, da fim din
kamfanin sakewa, yakamata ya ba da gudummawa mai yawa - sun ba da shawarar
$200,000 - ga Gidauniyar Matthew Shepard wacce GLAAD,
da dama daga cikin ma'aikatanta na dadewa, suna da kusanci. Abin nufi
shi ne GLADD to ba za su bayyana rashin son fim ɗin ba.
Daga baya Smith ya ba da gudummawar $10,000 (Mirimax ya wuce) kuma GLAAD ya tafi
gaba da sukar fim din. An nakalto Seomin a cikin
3 ga Agusta fitowar
Entertainment Weekly
, yana cewa na fim din:
"Ban taba ganin wani abu mai ban tsoro haka ba."
The
Duk abin da ya faru ya kasance mai ban tausayi kuma mai raɗaɗi
zuwa mutuncin GLAAD.
Jay da Silent Bob Sun Buga Baya
bai fi ɗan luwaɗi ba fiye da kowane labarin "South Park"
da yawancin sassan "Queer as Folk" (wanda a kai a kai
an zabi shi don GLAAD Fitaccen Jarrabawar Tallan Talabijin). A ciki
Bugu da kari, ra'ayin cewa GLAAD zai gwada gaske kuma ya girgiza
— kwace shine madaidaicin kalmar — kuɗi daga mai zaman kansa
mai yin fim ba kawai abin mamaki ba ne, amma ba bisa ka'ida ba, fasikanci, kuma sabani ne
zuwa ainihin ƙa'idodin ƙungiyoyin 'yanci na 'yan luwaɗi da asali
'yancin fadin albarkacin baki da magana.
The
Jay da Silent Bob Sun Buga Baya
lamarin yana fallasa zuciya
na matsala. Menene cin zarafi da bata suna ga mutanen luwadi?
Wanene ya yanke waɗannan shawarar kuma wa ke tilasta su? GLAAD ba zai iya bayyanawa ba
me ke da ban tsoro, wanda ba abin mamaki bane tunda ba haka bane
iya Kotun Koli ta Amurka. Amma hankali zai zama da amfani. Yayi
yana cewa "fag" akan wani wasan kwaikwayo na 1972 na "Wasan Match"
yana nufin cewa dole ne a dakatar da shirin daga sake kunna talabijin 30
bayan shekaru? Me yasa fim din
Kudancin Park Uncut
-Which
yana nuna soyayya tsakanin Shaidan da Saddam Hussein - ba
m da wauta stoner comedy
Jay da Silent Bob Strike
Back
ba? Amsar, ba shakka, ita ce, duk ya dogara da wanene
yana tambaya, wanene ke dubawa, wane bangare ne na tattaunawar kuma wanene
an bar shi. GLAAD ya haifar da wannan matsala lokacin da ya yanke shawarar shiga
kasuwancin nishadi. Yin la'akari da ingancin rahoton labarai
ya bambanta da yin hukunci da fasaha. GLAAD na iya magance waɗannan batutuwa
ta hanyar fita daga kasuwancin nunawa da komawa cikin sharhin kafofin watsa labarai masu sa ido.
G
LAAD ta
manufa ta asali ita ce manufa ta rashin daidaito da rashin daidaito a cikin al'ada
kafofin watsa labarai. A fakaice a cikin wannan shine manufar tallafawa madadin da
Kafofin yada labarai masu zaman kansu na 'yan luwadi da madigo da fasaha. Ya kasance a bayyane ga GLAAD
wadanda suka kafa cewa duk wani wakilci da kwatancen mutanen GLBT
wanda ya bayyana a cikin al'ada - ko ta yaya tabbatacce kuma
har ma da hadaddun-za su kasance, ta yanayinsu, samfurin
kasuwanci da kuma amfani. Kamar Black Power motsi da
Harkar Mata a gabansu, Farkon Yancin Gay
Harkar sun san cewa ya zama wajibi a kansu su kirkiro sabbin abubuwa
hotuna masu gaskiya da fasaha daga cikin ƙwarewar GLBT. Daga 1969
ƴan luwaɗi da madigo, marubuta, masu fafutuka, mawallafa, furodusoshi,
kuma daraktoci sun yi haka. Wadannan yunƙurin ba kawai sun haihu ba
fadi da tsararru na ban mamaki da kuma babban art, amma kuma ya haifar da zamantakewa
mahallin da ke tattare da samarwa da haɓaka littattafai na yau da kullun,
fina-finai, talabijin, wasan kwaikwayo, da duk wani abu game da rayuwar 'yan luwadi zai iya
kuma bunƙasa. Wannan ya ci gaba - tare da sama da ƙasa, sau da yawa
tattalin arziki da ƙungiyoyin canje-canjen zamantakewa - don ƙarin
fiye da shekaru 30.
amma
GLAAD baya sha'awar wannan. Idan aka ba da zabi tsakanin
yana yabon labarin da aka rubuta mai kyau game da iyalan gayu a cikin al'ada
latsa ko 'yan luwadi da madigo, koyaushe za su zabi
na farko. Jahannama, kamar koyaushe za su zaɓi ba da kyauta
ga madaidaici akan bada daya ga dan luwadi. Tabbas, wannan
shine manufarsu. Amma ba a ba da kyaututtuka ga “Queer Eye
Ga Guy Madaidaici" ko "The L Word" don "tabbatacce"
Hotunan 'yan luwadi da madigo (la'akari da za a iya jayayya a kowane hali) kuma ba biya ba
hankali ga abin da masu fasaha na 'yan luwadi da madigo suke yi, kawai irin, da kyau,
zagi. A cikin shekarun da suka gabata GLAAD- wayo a ƙarƙashin zargi game da
wannan—ya yi ɗan ƙara kaɗan wajen gane ɗan luwaɗi da ba na al’ada ba
da fasaha da basirar madigo. Amma ba su yi yawa ba. Bayan
duk, tabbas zai fi wahala a tara manyan kuɗaɗe a
mai tara kudi don tallafawa kasafin ku na dala miliyan 7 a shekara ta hanyar bayarwa
kyaututtuka ga 'yan madigo na Off-Broadway ko waƙar jama'a na maza
marubuta fiye da ta hanyar HBO da Showtime sun dauki nauyin su.
wannan
ba shine a ce "Queer as Folk" da "Will and
Grace” ba su da daɗi (da kyau, wani lokacin) kuma tabbas suna
suna da mahimmanci a al'ada - yawancin mutane suna kallon "The L Word"
fiye da halartar gidan wasan kwaikwayo na madigo daga Broadway. Amma mai da hankali guda ɗaya
akan yabawa manyan kamfanoni da ke samar da biliyoyin mafi yawa
takarce, kadan daga cikin wanda ke magance matsalolin GLBT, da alama
ba kawai ɓata ba, amma daidai ba daidai ba.
Michael Bronski
malami ne, mai fafutuka, kuma marubuci. Littafinsa na baya-bayan nan shine
ɓangaren litattafan almara
Gogayya