Afirka, mabuɗin ci gaban tattalin arziƙin duniya,” wani kanun labarai na kwanan nan mai ban sha'awa mai ban sha'awa Washington Post, amma da wuya wanda ya cancanci a matsayin labarai. Ma'aikata da albarkatun Afirka - kamar yadda kowane masanin tarihin tattalin arziki nagari zai gaya muku - sun kasance mabuɗin ci gaban tattalin arzikin duniya tsawon ƙarni.
Lokacin da Turawa suka gano America Shekaru 500 da suka wuce, tsarin tattalin arzikinsu ya fara yaduwa. Ƙarfafawa, ƙasashen Turai sun fahimci cewa daidaiton iko a cikin gida zai kasance ne ta hanyar ƙarfin da za su iya samu daga mulkin mallaka na kasashen waje. Imperialism (wanda aka fi sani da jari-hujja) ya kasance babban alamar tsarin tattalin arzikin duniya tun daga lokacin.
Ma Afirka, wannan yana nufin yin biyayya ga ƙaƙƙarfan ganima na mutane da albarkatun da ba su dawwama har yau. Na farko shi ne mumunar garkuwa da dubun-dubatar ‘yan Afirka don maye gurbin ma’aikatan ’yan asalin Amurka da Turawa suka hallaka. Cinikin bayi ya yi illa ga tattalin arzikin Afirka, wanda da wuya ya iya jure durkushewar al'umma; amma babban birnin kasar da ta kirkiro don masu shukar a cikin Caribbean ya aza harsashi Turaijuyin juya halin masana'antu.
A cikin karni na 18 da na 19, yayin da ake samun kayayyaki masu daraja a Afirka (musamman kwano, roba, zinare da azurfa), satar filaye da albarkatu daga karshe ya haifar da abin da ake kira "Scramble for Africa" na 1870s. lokacin da a cikin ’yan shekaru, Turawa suka raba nahiyar gaba daya (banda Habasha) a tsakaninsu. Ya zuwa wannan lokaci, tattalin arzikin duniya ya zama dunkulewar dunkulewar kasa baki daya, inda Afirka ta zama tushen ci gaban masana'antu a Turai, yayin da aka kwace wa 'yan Afirka daga gonakinsu, aka kuma tilasta musu kakkabo ma'adinan zinari, da kuma zuwa gonakin roba.
Bayan yakin duniya na biyu, kasashen turai, wadanda suka raunana sakamakon kisan gillar da masana'antu suka yi wa juna na tsawon shekaru, sun yunkura don daidaita mulkin mallaka da sabon yanayin da suka samu kansu a ciki.
Yayin da ƙungiyoyin 'yanci suka karu da ƙarfi, masu iko na Turai sun fuskanci sabon yanayin tattalin arziki-kudin da ake yi na shawo kan "'yan ƙasa marasa natsuwa" yana kusa da matakin dukiyar da suka iya samowa daga gare su. Maganganun da suka fi so shi ne abin da Kwame Nkrumah ya kira " mulkin mallaka na zamani" - mika kyawawan halaye na mulkin mallaka ga amintattun 'yan ta'adda wadanda za su ba da damar cin gajiyar tattalin arzikin kasashensu ba tare da gushewa ba - daidaita mulkin mallaka ta yadda 'yan Afirka suka tilasta musu sauke nauyin da ke wuyansu. kudin aikin 'yan sanda na al'ummarsu.
Neman Gudanarwa
A aikace, bai kasance mai sauƙi haka ba. A duk faɗin Asiya, Afirka, da Latin America, ƙungiyoyin jama'a sun fara neman ikon mallakar albarkatun kansu, kuma a wurare da yawa, waɗannan ƙungiyoyi sun sami damar samun iko; wani lokaci ta hanyar gwagwarmayar ‘yan daba, wani lokaci ta hanyar akwatin zabe. Wannan ya haifar da munanan yaƙe-yaƙe daga ƙasashen Turai - a yanzu ƙarƙashin jagorancin kariya ta farko, Amurka- don lalata irin wannan motsi. Wannan gwagwarmaya, ba wai yakin cacar baka ba, ita ce ta bayyana tarihin dangantakar kasashen duniya bayan yakin.
Ya zuwa yanzu, sabon tsarin mulkin mallaka ya kasance babban aiki mai nasara ga Turawa da kuma rawar da Amurka ta taka a Afirka na samar da arha, galibi bayi, aiki da ma'adanai ya ci gaba ba tare da tsayawa ba. Talauci da rashin haɗin kai sun kasance mahimman abubuwan da suka ba da damar ci gaba da wannan cin zarafi.
Hana "Tsoro"
zuba jari a kasar Sin Afirka A cikin shekaru goma da suka gabata an gina masana'antu da ababen more rayuwa a Afirka ta yadda za a iya fara magance matsalar talauci da ke addabar nahiyar. A ciki Sin, wadannan manufofin sun kawo raguwar talauci da ba a taba yin irinsa ba, kuma sun taimaka wajen daukaka kasar zuwa matsayin da za ta rike nan ba da dadewa ba a matsayin kasa mai karfin tattalin arziki a duniya. Idan Afirka ta bi wannan tsari, ko wani abu makamancinsa, wawashe shekaru 500 na Yamma AfirkaArzikin yana iya kusantowa.
Don hana wannan "barazanar ci gaban Afirka," Turawa da kuma Amurka sun amsa hanyar da kawai suka san yadda - soja. Shekaru hudu da suka wuce, da Amurka kafa sabon umarni da cibiyar kula da sojoji subjugation na Afirka, mai suna AFRI- COM. Matsalar ga Amurka shi ne babu wata kasar Afirka da ke son karbar bakuncinsu. Har zuwa kwanan nan, Afirka ce kawai nahiya a duniya ba tare da wani Amurka sansanin soji, kuma wannan lamari ba kadan ba ne, sakamakon kokarin gwamnatin Libya.
Kafin juyin juya halin Gaddafi ya hambarar da Sarki Idris mai samun goyon bayan Birtaniya a shekarar 1969. Libya ya karbi bakuncin daya daga cikin manyan duniya Amurka airbases-Wheelus, yana cikin Tripoli. Amma a cikin shekara guda da juyin juya halin Musulunci, an rufe shi kuma an kori dukkan sojojin kasashen waje. A baya-bayan nan, Gaddafi yana aiki tukuru don murkushe AFRI-COM. Ghaddafi dai ya baiwa gwamnatocin Afirka da Amurka tayin kudi don karbar sansanin. A cikin 2008, wannan 'yan adawa na wucin gadi ya zama abin kin amincewa da AFRICOM daga Tarayyar Afirka.
Wataƙila ma ya fi damuwa don Amurka kuma mamayar da Turawa ke yi a Nahiyar su ne dimbin albarkatun da Gaddafi ke ba da shi wajen ci gaban Afirka. Gwamnatin Libya ta kasance kasa ta farko da ta fi saka hannun jari a tauraron dan adam na farko a Afirka, wanda aka harba a shekarar 2007, wanda ya kubutar da shi. Afirka daga dala miliyan 500 a duk shekara a matsayin biyan kamfanonin tauraron dan adam na Turai. Libya ta kuma ware dala biliyan 30 don manyan ayyuka uku na hada-hadar kudi na kungiyar Tarayyar Afirka da nufin kawo karshen dogaro da kasashen yammacin Afirka.
Bankin Zuba Jari na Afirka - tare da hedkwatarsa a ciki Libya-shi ne zuba jari a ci gaban Afirka ba tare da wani sha'awa ba, wanda zai yi matukar yin barazana ga mamayar asusun lamuni na duniya na Afirka - muhimmin ginshiƙi na kiyayewa. Afirka a cikin talaucinsa. Gaddafi shi ne ya jagoranci AU wajen samar da sabon kudin Afirka mai samun zinari, wanda da zai yanke wata igiyar da ke rike da ita. Afirka bisa taimakon kasashen Yamma, da dala biliyan 42 da tuni aka ware wa wannan aiki.
Ƙarshen Tushen Libiya
Yakin NATO na da nufin kawo karshensa LibyaHalin zaman gurguzu, mai adawa da mulkin mallaka, al'ummar Afirka baki daya a kan gaba wajen yunkurin karfafa hadin kan Afirka da 'yancin kai. 'Yan tawayen sun fito karara ta nuna wariyar launin fata tun farkon tashin hankalinsu, inda suka tara ko kuma kashe dubban bakar fata ma'aikata da daliban Afirka.
Kuɗaɗen ci gaban Afirka don ayyukan da aka kwatanta a sama sun kasance "daskararre" daga ƙasashen NATO kuma za a mika su ga abokansu a cikin gwamnatin wucin gadi ta kasa don kashewa kan makamai don yakinsu.
Ma Afirka, Yaƙin bai ƙare ba. Dole ne nahiyar Afirka ta fahimci cewa, zawarcin da kungiyar tsaro ta NATO ke yi alama ce ta yanke kauna ta gazawarta na dakatar da tashin hankalin da babu makawa. Afirka a fagen duniya. Dole ne Afirka ta koyi darasi daga gare ta Libya, ci gaba da yunƙurin samun haɗin kan ƙasashen Afirka baki ɗaya, kuma ku bijirewa AFRICOM. Yawancin 'yan Libiya za su kasance tare da su idan sun yi hakan.
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Dan Glazebrook marubuci ne mai zaman kansa kuma manazarci mai zaman kansa.