Michael Dobbs tsohon soja ne Washington Post Dan jarida wanda ya sami kulawa kwanan nan tare da shafin sa na Siyasa na Harkokin Waje, inda ya rufe (ko kuma ya tona asirin) asali da shari'ar Ratko Mladic kuma ya yi musayar ra'ayi da masu sukar matsayinsa na kafa a yakin Balkan. Ba zan magance matsayinsa a cikin wannan muhawarar Mladic ba, amma ina so in mayar da hankali kan shafin yanar gizon da ya sanya a ranar 23 ga Afrilu, 2012 akan "Obama, Samantha Power, da 'matsala daga Jahannama'," wanda ke ba da cikakken bayani kuma dace samar da kirtani na kafa gaskiyar abin da Dobbs ba ya karkata daga gare ta.
An gina wannan shafi ne a kan jawabin da shugaba Obama ya yi a gidan adana kayan tarihi na Holocaust na Amurka a ranar 23 ga Afrilu, 2012, inda ya sanar da sabbin takunkumi kan masu aikata ta'asa. Ana iya faɗi, waɗanda aka ambata a cikin jawabin Obama sune Nazis (Holocaust), Cambodia (wataƙila a ƙarƙashin Khmer Rouge; Bam na kisan kare dangi a ƙarƙashin Nixon ba ya wanzu a cikin tunanin kafawa), Rwanda (1994), Bosnia, Darfur, Iran, Kudu Sudan, Cote D'Ivoire, Libya, Joseph Kony's Lords' Resistance Army, Ratko Mladic, da Siriya da Assad.
Ka'idar Farko ta Tsarin Farfaganda
Wannan zaɓen, da rashin Bahrain, Kagame, da Ruwanda (da suke aiki a Jamhuriyar Demokaradiyyar Kwango), ko Isra'ila, ko kaɗan ba su damun Dobbs ko kaɗan. Ya bi ka’ida ta farko ta amintaccen wakili na tsarin farfaganda: wato, kasarsa ta kasance mai taka rawar gani kawai a fagen ta’addanci—ba ta aikata ta’asa ko goyon bayan masu yin hakan. Manufarta a hukumance ita ce miyagu na gaske da ke buƙatar hukunci da hukunci kuma tana da hakki da alhakin daidaita al'amura. Amma Dobbs ya nuna 'yancin kansa ta hanyar sukar shugabanninsa kadan-sun yi kasa a gwiwa wajen neman miyagu.
Ka'ida ta Biyu
Ka'ida ta biyu ta farfaganda ita ce dogaro da kai ga tushen kafa. Don haka majiyoyin Dobbs su ne Obama, Susan Rice, Samantha Power, da Elie Wiesel. Samantha Power tana da matsayi mai girma tare da Dobbs, a matsayin marubucin wannan babban littafin kuma Pulitzer wanda ya lashe lambar yabo ta "Matsalar Jahannama: Amurka a zamanin kisan kiyashi (2002). Dobbs ta ce "ta ba da mafi yawan ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙungiyoyin rigakafin kisan kare dangi da ke neman tursasa gwamnatin Amurka da ta yi rayuwa daidai da taken 'Kada a sake". Power, kamar Dobbs mai ƙarfin hali, yana jin cewa Amurka ta yi sakaci wajen yaƙi da kisan kiyashi, duk da cewa ba ta taɓa faruwa gare ta ba, ko Dobbs, cewa tsarin farko na kasuwanci na adawa da kisan kare dangi ya kamata ya daina aikata shi.
Samantha Power, a gaskiya, ita ce cikakkiyar masaniyar da za ta shugabanci sabuwar Hukumar Kare Hana laifuka ta gwamnatin Obama, wadda aka nada ta, kamar yadda littafinta da bayananta suka nuna cewa ta zabo ta zabi “ta’asa” da “kisan kare dangi” tare da zaburar da za a yi. Dobbs ya ambaci cewa Power yana "damuwa" saboda gazawarta na yin ƙarin aiki a lokacin kisan kiyashin Srebrenica a Bosnia a 1995. Waɗannan sun kasance "masu cancanta" waɗanda aka kashe kuma wannan kulawa ga Bosnia da Srebrenica ya kasance kuma ya kasance mai dacewa da tsarin manufofin Amurka na ketare. .
Fihirisar littafin Power bai lissafta Indonesia, Afirka ta Kudu, Vietnam, ko Guatemala ba. Yayin da ta ambaci laifuffukan Iraki da Saddam, ta kasa tattauna "takunkumin hallaka jama'a" wanda ya yi sanadin mutuwar fiye da sau 25 adadin fararen hula musulmin Bosnia da aka kashe a yakin Bosnia na 1990s (wanda ya hada da Srebrenica da kuma abin da Power ke sadaukarwa). mayar da hankali). Game da Indonesiya da ke Gabashin Timor, inda kuma, an kashe da yawa fiye da na Bosniya, ta ce kawai Amurka ta “juya.” Wannan babban kuskure ne, kamar yadda Shugaba Ford da Sakataren Harkokin Wajen Amurka Henry Kissinger suka ziyarci Jakarta nan da nan kafin mamayar Indonesiya na Gabashin Timor kuma ba su yi watsi da shi ba. Makamai na kwarara daga Amurka zuwa ga wadanda suka kashe kafin da kuma bayan harin kuma jakadan Amurka a Majalisar Dinkin Duniya Daniel Patrick Moynihan, ya yi alfahari a cikin tarihinsa na hana duk wani shiga tsakani na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya don dakatar da kisan kare dangi.
Dobbs ya ambaci cewa wata mai ba wa Obama shawara kan harkokin ketare, Susan Rice, ita ma "na cikin damuwa" - ta hanyar gazawar gwamnatin Clinton na shiga tsakani don dakatar da kisan kiyashi a Rwanda - kuma ta yi rantsuwa cewa "idan na sake fuskantar irin wannan rikici. Zan sauko a gefen aikin ban mamaki." Samantha Power ta kuma bayyana cewa, kamar yadda yake a Gabashin Timor, Amurka ta sake “tsaye a gefe,” yayin da aka yi kisan kare dangi a Ruwanda. Waɗannan tagwayen karya ne da maƙaryata.
Amurka ta goyi bayan Paul Kagame da kungiyar kishin kasa ta Rwanda a harin da ta kai kasar Rwanda daga Uganda tun daga shekarar 1990. Ta taimaka wajen boye bayanan Kagame da RPF na harbo jirgin da ke dauke da shugaba Habyarimana a ranar 6 ga Afrilu, 1994. Wannan lamarin ya haifar da kashe-kashen mutane masu yawa. (Mai gabatar da kara na ICTR Louise Arbour, bisa umarnin jami'an Amurka, ya soke duk wani bincike na wannan harbi da zarar babban mai binciken ICTR Michael Hourigan, ya sami Kagame da laifi). Sanin cewa Kagame ne ke da karfin soja, gwamnatin Clinton ta goyi bayan raguwar dakarun wanzar da zaman lafiya na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya a watan Afrilun 1994 yayin da kashe-kashen ke ta'azzara.
Sanarwar da Ma'aikatar Harkokin Wajen Amurka ta fitar a watan Satumba na 1994 ta nuna cewa sojojin Kagame suna kashe fararen hula 10,000 na 'yan kabilar Hutu a kowane wata, amma wannan bai hana gwamnatin Clinton goyon bayan gwamnatin kisan gilla ba, kuma ta kasa "farauta" Shinkafa ko Ƙarfi. Don haka duk uzurin da Clinton ta yi na rashin shiga tsakani karyar munafunci ne, Power and Rice makaryata ne masu goyon bayan kisan kare dangi kuma Michael Dobbs mai kare munafukai, karya da makaryata, da manufofin goyon bayan kisan kare dangi (don cikakkun bayanai, duba. Herman da Peterson, Siyasar Kisa).
Dobbs ya ambaci cewa Elie Wiesel (wanda ya yi magana a Gidan Tarihi na Tunawa da Mutuwar Holocaust a ranar 23 ga Afrilu) shi ma yana cikin damuwa kuma ya “kasa yin barci” saboda zubar da jini a tsohuwar Yugoslavia. Shin, ba abin mamaki ba ne cewa Power da Wiesel ba su kasance "damuwa ba" ko "kasa barci" a abin da ya faru da Mayan Indiyawan Guatemala a cikin 1980s da abin da ke faruwa a Honduras kusa da tun 2009 ko kuma waɗannan yara 500,000 na Iraqi. wanda Madeleine Albright ya ce mutuwarsa ta hanyar "takunkumin halaka jama'a" yana da "darajarsa" a cikin 1996? Ƙarfin zaɓen fushi yana da girma, amma haka ma sakamakon. Ga Power, farfesa a Harvard, mai ba Obama shawara, yanzu shugaban Hukumar Kariya ta Atrocities, kuma Michael Dobbs ya yi bikin a nan.
Har ila yau Elie Wiesel ya ba da gudummawa ga fahimtar Dobb ta hanyar yin la'akari da gaskiyar cewa "Bashar Assad 'har yanzu yana kan mulki' a Siriya tare da 'Holocaust Denier' Mahmoud Ahmadinejad na Iran." Tabbas, mai lamba ɗaya mai tsabtace ƙabilanci na wannan lokacin, Benjamin Netanyahu, har yanzu yana kan iko a Isra'ila, kuma lamba ɗaya (kuma kawai) bama-bamai na duniya yana tsaye kusa da Wiesel a cikin Gidan Tarihi na Holocaust Memorial Museum. . Amma wannan ita ce ƙasar munafunci kuma gidan wuƙa, don haka duk ya dace.
Dobbs ya gaya mana cewa babban darasi na littafin “Seminal” na Power shine cewa “masu tsara manufofin Amurka sun kware wajen yin kira da a dauki mataki na dakatar da kisan kiyashi a bayyane yayin da suke adawa da shigar Amurka a halin yanzu.” A gaskiya ma, Amurka sau da yawa tana da hannu "a halin yanzu" wajen aiwatar da kisan gilla kai tsaye, kamar yadda a Vietnam (watakila an kashe miliyan 3, da 100,000 a Bosnia), "takunkumin hallaka jama'a" a Iraki (watakila miliyan 1), kuma a Indonesiya, Gabashin Timor, da DRC (ta hanyar tallafawa abokan cinikin kisa Kagame da Museveni). Har ila yau, Amurka ta kasance mai taka muhimmiyar rawa a cikin tafiyar hawainiya ta kisan kiyashin da Isra'ila ke yi a Falasdinu inda aka dade ana kokarin samun untermenschen a mutu ko yin hijira da murkushe su a matsayin al’umma da al’ada. Don haka Amurkawa suna da hannu sosai "a kowane lokaci," amma tare da kayan aikin da ba su da kyau kamar Obama, Power, Rice da Wiesel, tare da jama'a masu ra'ayin siyasa da wanki, kuma tare da kutse mai ban tausayi kamar Michael Dobbs don fitar da layin jam'iyyar, za a iya tsayawa gaskiya. a kai.
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Edward S. Herman masanin tattalin arziki, mai sukar kafafen yada labarai, kuma marubuci. Littafinsa na baya-bayan nan shine Siyasar Kisa (tare da David Peterson).