Kamar sauran ƙungiyoyin gaba na kamfanoni, Majalisar Amurka akan Kimiyya
da Lafiya (ACSH) suna amfani da barazana da rashin fahimta don murkushe kimiyya,
musamman idan irin wannan kimiyyar ta yi barazana ga muradun waɗancan mutane
da kuma kamfanoni masu cin gajiyar ayyukan da ke barazana ga lafiyar dan adam
da kuma yanayin.
An kafa ACSH a cikin 1978 ta Dr. Elizabeth Whelan da Frederick Stare.
Aikin farko na Whelan ya haɗa da aikin rubutu mai zaman kansa don
Kamfanin magunguna na Pfizer yana sukar Hukumar Abinci da Magunguna
(FDA). Ta kuma rubuta don abin da ta kira "mujallu na masu amfani," amma
wanda za a fi kwatanta shi daidai a matsayin mujallu na zamani, kamar
Harper's Bazar da kuma Glamour. Littattafanta masu ma'ana sun haɗa da tsoro
a cikin Pantry da kuma Ta'addanci mai guba.
A cikin 1997 Dr. Gilbert Ross ya shiga ACSH a matsayin mataimaki na ma'aikata. Ross ya zama
mai kula da ayyukan likita na ACSH a cikin Fabrairu 1998, kuma daga baya
an nada shi darektan kiwon lafiya, sannan babban darakta a shekarar 1999. Ko da yake
tarihin rayuwarsa a gidan yanar gizon ACSH bai ambaci shi ba, Ross ya shafe 1996 a
gidan yari na tarayya bayan da aka yanke masa hukuncin watanni 46 saboda shigansa
a cikin wani makirci don zamba da shirin Medicaid na New York. Ross ya shiga ciki
bayan amsa wani talla a cikin New York Times Alkawari "sosai, da kyau sosai
$$." Alkalin kotun ya kuma yanke hukuncin cewa Ross ya hana adalci ta hanyar aikatawa
rantsuwa. Ma'aikatar Lafiya da Ayyukan Jama'a ta Amurka ta hana Ross
(DHHS) na tsawon shekaru goma daga shiga cikin ko dai Medicare ko Medicaid
shirye-shirye. DHHS ya ji cewa shi "mutum ne wanda ba shi da amana sosai"
wanda ya tsunduma cikin ayyukan "marasa kariya ga likitanci". Aikin Ross yana da
hada da kare Wood Preservative Science Council a kan ingantaccen rubuce-rubuce
shaida cewa arsenic a cikin itacen da aka yi wa matsin lamba yana haifar da haɗari ga lafiyar ɗan adam
da kuma rubutawa a madadin masana'antar salmon da aka noma da polychlorinated
biphenyls (PCBs) a cikin kifi ba sa haifar da wata matsala ta lafiya, gami da ciwon daji.
Ross yanzu shine ke kula da duk ayyukan kimiyya da wallafe-wallafe, haka nan
a matsayin batutuwan ma'aikata da suka shafi ma'aikatan kimiyya, a ACHS.
Wani bincike na 2001 ya nuna cewa kwamitin gudanarwa na ACSH ya haɗa da anti-regulatory
masana kimiyya kamar shugaba A. Alan Moghissi, tsohon Kare Muhalli
Jami'in Hukumar (EPA) wanda ya yi aiki a kan kwamiti don ƙalubalantar EPA
manufofin da ke buƙatar cire asbestos daga makarantu da sauran gine-ginen jama'a;
Henry Miller, tsohon jami'in FDA, yanzu a Cibiyar Conservative Hoover,
wanda yayi kamfen a madadin mai maye Olestra; hulda da jama'a na kamfanoni
kwararru Albert Nickel, daga kamfanin Lyons Lavey Nickel Swift, wanda
taken shi ne “Muna canza hasashe”; da Lorraine Thelian, babban abokin tarayya
a Ketchum Communications, wanda ke kula da "aikin PR na muhalli" don Dow
Chemical, Aspirin Foundation na Amurka, Bristol Myers Squibb, da
majalisar harhada magunguna ta kasa.
kudade
Tallafin farko na ACSH ya fito ne daga hannun dama Scaife da John M. Olin
Tushen. A cikin 1980, ƙungiyar ta fara karɓar tallafin kamfanoni. Wannan
wannan shekarar, co-kafa Stare ya rubuta zuwa ga giant taba Philip Morris neman
Tallafin kuɗi: “Mu ne muryar dalilan kimiyya a cikin tekun ƙarya
kimiyya, karin gishiri da kuma rashin fahimta." A cikin adalci ga ACSH, suna da
tun da aka yi magana game da haɗarin shan taba, duk da haka, suna da rashin gaskiya
ya inganta amfani da taba mara hayaki don daina shan taba.
ACSH ba da daɗewa ba ta yi watsi da ko da bayyanar kudade masu zaman kansu. A shekarar 1997
Whelan ta bayyana cewa an riga an kira ta "maƙaryaci mai biya don masana'antu,"
don haka za ta iya ci gaba da karbar kudin masana'antu ba tare da hani ba.
Dr. Whelan yayi iƙirarin cewa ACSH tana karɓar kuɗi daga hukumomi “muddun
kamar yadda babu igiya da aka haɗe." Duk da haka, a cikin 1982, ACSH ta shigar da aboki na kotu
a takaice a cikin karar da Cibiyar Formaldehyde ta gabatar. Takaitaccen bayani shine
An biya ta Georgia-Pacific Co., babban kamfani na formaldehyde
kuma memba na Cibiyar Formaldehyde. Georgia-Pacific ta biya Washington
kamfanin doka $40,000 don rubuta taƙaitaccen bayanin, wanda ACSH sannan ta ƙaddamar da shi a ƙarƙashinsa
suna. Formaldehyde an ware shi azaman carcinogen ɗan adam ta Duniya
Hukumar Bincike kan Ciwon daji da kuma a matsayin mai yuwuwar cutar kansar ɗan adam ta hanyar
EPA.
Duk da iƙirarin cewa masu ba da gudummawar ba su da tasiri, ACSH ta gudanar
nazarin "mai zaman kansa" na kayan zaki na wucin gadi, sannan ya nemi tallafi daga
kungiyoyi kamar Majalisar Kula da Calorie don yada sakamakon. Monsanto
da rassansa, GD Searle da Kamfanin Nutrasweet, sun ba ACSH $105,000
a cikin 1992, yin Monsanto ACSH mafi girma mai ba da kuɗi. A cikin 1992 memo na ciki
Whelan ya koka da asarar gudummawar da Shell Oil ya yi: “Lokacin da daya daga cikin
manyan kamfanonin petrochemical na duniya ba za su goyi bayan ACSH ba, da
babban mai kare kamfanonin petrochemical, mutum yana mamakin wanda zai yi."
Yayin da ACSH ta daina lissafin masu ba da gudummawarta a cikin 1991, jerin masu ba da gudummawa daga
wannan shekarar ya hada da makamashi, sinadarai, magunguna, mota, kasuwanci, agribusiness,
da kattai masu abinci da abin sha, kamar Exxon Mobil, General Electric, Union
Carbide, ConAgra, da PepsiCo. A cewar kungiyar bincike na Capital,
ACSH ta sami $299,000 a cikin gudunmawar kamfanoni a cikin 1997, yana mai da lamba
39 akan jerin ƙungiyoyin al'amuran jama'a masu zaman kansu waɗanda ke karɓar kamfani
gudunmawa. Tsakanin 2000 zuwa 2003, ACSH ta sami $90,000 daga manyan
mai gurbata muhalli Exxon-Mobil. A cikin 2003 Whelan ya ce, “Kusan kashi 40% na tallafin ACSH
[ya fito] daga tushe masu zaman kansu, kusan 40% daga kamfanoni, da kuma
sauran sayar da littattafan ACSH." ACSH yanzu tayi ikirarin samun kudi
tallafi daga “kusan 300 kafofin daban-daban, gami da tushe, kasuwanci
ƙungiyoyi, kamfanoni da daidaikun mutane."
A cikin 2003 albashin Whelan shine $326,612; Whelan, Stier, da Ross, uku
mafi yawan ma'aikata, sun sami dala $638,186.
Ƙungiyoyin Gaban Ƙungiya
Ƙungiyoyin gaban kamfanoni ƙungiyoyi ne waɗanda manufofinsu suka dace da na kamfanoni
abubuwan sha'awa, da kuma waɗanda dangantakarsu ta baya da/ko ta yanzu ta nuna ƙaƙƙarfan tsarin
hanyoyin kuɗi da/ko shawarwari tare da kamfanoni. Ƙungiyoyin gaban kamfanoni'
maganganun da aka mayar da su azaman kimiyya; suna yada bayanan karya,
wanda ke amfana da bukatun kamfanoni kuma ya zama kayan aiki ga jama'a
ayyukan dangantaka na waɗannan kamfanoni, da kuma ƙara ƙarfafawa
tallafin kudi na kamfanoni. Irin waɗannan ƙungiyoyi, gami da ACSH, suna haɓaka haɓakawa
mai goyon bayan kasuwanci, ra'ayin mazan jiya.
Hakanan gaskiya ne cewa akwai ƙungiyoyi waɗanda ke karɓar kuɗi daga waɗanda ba na kamfani ba
musamman bukatun da kuma amfani da tatsuniyoyi da pseudoscience don yada tsoro da kuma
karin gishiri game da lafiyar ɗan adam. Wannan ya zama ruwan dare game da ƙungiyoyi
inganta abin da ake kira "naturopathic" da "homeopathic magunguna". A cikin ko wanne
harka, cin zarafi da rashin amfani da kimiyya shine abin Allah wadai.
Akwai babban jigon shaida, musamman dangane da
masana'antar harhada magunguna, cewa tallafin kamfanoni yana da alaƙa da sirri,
son zuciya na bugawa, da gwaje-gwajen da aka tsara don samar da sakamako masu dacewa
samfurin kamfani. An umarci kamfanonin harhada magunguna su biya
manyan, da kotu ta ba da umarnin cin tarar su. Whelan ya soki a zahiri
Dokta Marcia Angell (tsohuwar babban editan littafin Sabon Englda Jaridar
Medicine) domin ta sahihin kuma rubuce-rubuce na sukar masana'antar.
Manyan jaridun likitanci sun ɗauki manufofin da aka tsara don rage son zuciya
na asali a cikin binciken da masana'antu ke bayarwa, kamar rajistar kafin gwaji na
zane na nazari, cikakken bayyana tushen kudade, da kuma rage rikice-rikice
masu sha'awa a tsakanin marubutan edita. Yayin da ACSH ke ikirarin cewa akalla wasu
na takardunsa an yi bitar takwarorinsu, waɗanda suke bitar waɗanne takaddun ta amfani da waɗanne ma'auni
ba a sani ba.
Pseudoscience da rashin fahimta
ACSH, cibiyar da ba ta riba ba, tana nufin kanta a matsayin "ilimin mabukaci
consortium" wanda kwamitin ya ƙunshi "likitoci 350, masana kimiyya, da manufofi
mashawarta-masana a fannoni daban-daban. ACSH yayi iƙirarin cewa "saman
fifiko shine a taimaka wa Amurkawa su bambance tsakanin ainihin da na zahiri
kasadar lafiya." Duk da haka, ana iya kwatanta manufarsa da kyau
kamar yadda rashin fahimtar da Amurkawa game da gaskiya da yuwuwar, amma mai tsanani, lafiya
kasada ta hanyar karkatar da ingantaccen kimiyya da toshe gaskiya. Farashin ACSH
Za a iya samun matsayi a kan batutuwa daban-daban na kimiyya da siyasa
nazarin gidan yanar gizon su, wanda ya ƙunshi kamar haka:
Hare-hare masu dorewa akan ƙa'idar taka tsantsan, tushen tushe
na lafiyar jama'a. Abubuwan ACSH sun kai hari kan ƙa'idar taka tsantsan a matsayin "an
anti-kimiyya da anti-technology phobia," "mahimmin amsawa da kuma
elitist,” da “mafi kan tsarin tiyoloji [fiye da kimiyya].” Wani yanki
yana nufin ƙa'idar yin taka tsantsan kamar yadda United ta ɗauka
Al'ummai, kuma ya bayyana ƙa'idar a cikin kalmomi masu zuwa: “Idan haɗarin
Ba za a iya kawar da cutarwa ba, to samfurin ko aiki mai haɗari ya kamata
ba a yarda ba." A gaskiya ma, ana iya ayyana ka'idar yin taka tsantsan
kamar haka: Lokacin da shaida ke nuni ga yuwuwar aiki zuwa
haifar da gagarumin, tartsatsi ko lahani maras misaltuwa ga lafiyar jama'a ko kuma
muhalli, zabin gujewa wannan cutarwa ya kamata a bincika kuma a bi su,
ko da yake har yanzu ba a fahimce ko tabbatar da cutar ba. Ka'idar
ya ƙunshi abubuwa huɗu masu mahimmanci: (1) ba da lafiyar ɗan adam da muhalli
amfanin shakku; (2) sun haɗa da shigar jama'a da suka dace a cikin
tattaunawa; (3) tattara bayanan kimiyya, fasaha, da zamantakewa;
da (4) yi la'akari da mafi ƙarancin haɗari.
Wani yanki da ke rage tasirin hayakin taba sigari (ETS) akan
lafiyar dan adam: “A sauƙaƙe, rawar da ETS ke takawa a cikin ci gaban na yau da kullun
cututtuka kamar ciwon daji da cututtukan zuciya ba su da tabbas kuma suna da jayayya."
ETS yana haifar da aƙalla mutuwar 38,000 a kowace shekara a Amurka, a cewar
zuwa Cibiyar Kula da Cututtuka da Cututtuka (CDC).
Kinsan yawancin illolin jijiya na fallasa gubar:
"Da'awar illolin da ke tattare da halayen neurobehavioral a cikin yara saboda girman jini
matakin gubar bai dogara da tabbataccen shaida ba." Ko da ƙananan matakan gubar na iya
haifar da jijiyoyin jini da lalacewa da jinkirin ci gaba.
Sanarwa cewa "babu wani dalili mai karfi yi imani da cewa PCBs
aiwatar da duk wani tasiri mai mahimmanci na ilimin halitta-modulating (ko hormonal).
a cikin mutane da aka fallasa ga matakan muhalli na zahiri." ACSH kuma ta yi iƙirarin
cewa "babu isassun shaida don kammala cewa PCBs na muhalli
haifar da manyan matsalolin kiwon lafiya ta hanyar 'karshewar endocrin' ko estrogenic
tasiri." Waɗannan maganganun sun yi hannun riga da bincike da yawa waɗanda suka jagoranci
zuwa yarjejeniyar kasa da kasa, Yarjejeniyar Stockholm kan Muhalli mai dorewa
Masu gurɓatawa.
Dr. Whelan'sukar EPA's da'awar cewa PCBs na haifar da ciwon daji, a cikin su
ta kira shawarar EPA na tilastawa General Electric (GE) “fara cirewa
alamun sinadarai daga kogin Hudson" ɗaya daga cikin "manyan manyan jama'a goma
kiwon lafiya na 2005." Tare da rukunin Superfund guda 78 a duk faɗin ƙasar (13 a cikin Sabon
York), GE shine mafi girman gurɓataccen kamfani a Amurka. Daga 1947 zuwa 1977.
biyu daga cikin masana'antar kera capacitor ta zubar da fam miliyan 1.3 ("biyu")
na PCBs a cikin Kogin Hudson. PCBs na haifar da ciwon daji a cikin dabbobin dakin gwaje-gwaje
kuma an rarraba su azaman masu yuwuwar cutar kansar ɗan adam ta EPA. Su kuma
mummunan tasiri akan hanta, koda, juyayi, da gabobin haihuwa.
Bayanin cewa “iyakar yadda ake amfani da maganin rigakafi a cikin dabbobi
noma na ba da gudummawa ga gaba ɗaya matsalar juriyar ƙwayoyin cuta
bashi da tabbas." Hasali ma, Hukumar Lafiya ta Duniya ta yi Allah wadai da hakan
amfani da maganin rigakafi a matsayin masu haɓaka girma a cikin dabbobi, saboda gudunmawar su
zuwa cututtukan ƙwayoyin cuta masu jure wa ƙwayoyin cuta, cututtukan ɗan adam da ke haifar da abinci. Bugu da ƙari, da
CDC ta kammala cewa, a cikin Amurka, amfani da ƙwayoyin cuta a cikin abinci
Dabbobi sune tushen tushen juriya na rigakafi a tsakanin abinci
kwayoyin cuta.
Sanarwa cewa labaran da ke da'awar cewa "tunan tuna da ke ɗauke da mercury na barazana
lafiyar mata da jarirai” da kuma cewa "tsarin tattara nama (sic)
yana sanya masu amfani cikin haɗari" suna cikin "manyan tsoro marasa tushe na lafiya
na shekara” a cikin 2006. A gaskiya ma, yawancin bincike sun tabbatar da cewa matakan
na Mercury da ake samu a cikin kifi a saman sarkar abinci na teku, kamar
Tuna, yana haifar da babban haɗari ga lafiyar ɗan adam daga kowane zamani da jinsi.
ACSH ta kuma yi iƙirarin cewa "tambayoyi sun rage game da illar lafiya, idan
kowane, na ƙananan matakan methymercury a cikin abinci, musamman a tsakanin yara,
jarirai, da tayin da ke tasowa.” Gaskiyar cewa tambayoyin da suka rage gaskiya ne
na kowane fanni na kimiyya, kamar yadda duk fannoni ke ci gaba da tasowa tare da ƙari
na sabon karatu. Maganar "idan akwai" ya saba wa, kuma, da yawa
karatu. Bugu da ƙari kuma, fashewar E. coli daga hamburger, haɓakar
cututtuka masu jure cututtuka masu jure abinci a cikin mutane, da kuma ganowa
na wata saniya da ta kamu da spongiform encephalopathy ("Mad Cow Disease")
a Amurka bara ya isa ya ba kowane mabukaci hutu
game da amincin sarrafa nama da marufi a cikin Amurka
Wani zargi game da fa'idodin kiwon lafiya da za a iya samu ta hanyar cire trans-fatty
acid daga abinci. Abincin trans fatty acids sune manyan masu ba da gudummawa ga
cututtukan zuciya da jijiyoyin jini kuma ba su da fa'idodin kiwon lafiya da aka sani. Whelan ya yi
irin maganganun da ba su dace ba kamar "Babu wani abu kamar abinci mara kyau," da
“Babu isasshiyar shaidar alaƙa tsakanin abinci da kowane
cuta.”
Bayanin cewa "bayyanannun dioxin ga yawan mutane ba shi da wani tasiri."
Har ila yau, wannan ya saba wa binciken kimiyya. Whelan ya yi iƙirarin hakan
gwamnatin Amurka tana kashe kuɗi da yawa kan haɗarin kiwon lafiya da ba a tabbatar da su ba kamar
dioxin da magungunan kashe qwari saboda jama’a “tsoron da ba shi da tushe balle makama na mutum
sinadarai da fahimtarsu game da waɗannan sinadarai a matsayin carcinogens."
Sanarwa cewa "ga mafi yawan abubuwa wanda yawanci
ake kira 'sinadaran muhalli' babu isassun tallafi
hujjojin kimiyya don nuna cewa yara suna da sauƙi na musamman."
Wannan karya ne a hankali ga waɗancan gubar muhalli (kalmar da ake amfani da ita
Yawancin masana kimiyya sabanin ACSH's mafi ƙarancin sauti,
wanda masana'antu suka fi so) waɗanda aka yi nazari. A gaskiya, tayi
kuma yara sun fi saurin kamuwa da gubar muhalli ga masu zuwa
dalilai: (1) suna fuskantar mafi girman faɗuwar fam-for-pound; (2) su
shingen kwakwalwar jini ba su da girma kuma sun fi na manya;
(3) sun mallaki ƙananan matakan sunadarai masu ɗaure sinadarai, suna ƙyale ƙari
sunadarai don isa ga gabobin "manufa"; (4) gabobinsu/tsarin gabobin su ne
haɓaka da sauri, kuma don haka sun fi saurin lalacewa; (5) tsarin su
don lalatawa da fitar da sinadarai na masana'antu ba su cika haɓaka ba; (6)
tsawon rayuwarsu na gaba yana ba da damar ƙarin lokaci don mummunan sakamako ya taso;
da (7) yayin da suke shayarwa, a zahiri suna saman abinci
sarkar, saboda yawan kitse mai narkewa a cikin nono.
Budaddiyar wasiƙa ga masu tsara manufofin da ke bayyana, “Amfani da masu sa kai na ɗan adam a ciki
Nazarin lafiyar magungunan kashe qwari yana da mahimmanci. " EPA ta haramta irin wannan
bincike akan mata masu juna biyu da yara. Bugu da ƙari, wannan aikin yana da
masana da'a da masu tsara manufofi sun yi ta suka sosai.
Nassoshi ga “mercury a cikin tuna da sauran kifaye… an sami alamun hana wuta
a cikin jini da nono, PCBs a cikin kogin Hudson, hayakin dizal
daga bas din makaranta, arsenic a cikin ruwan sha, phthalates a cikin na'urorin likitanci
da kayan wasan yara,…da gubar cikin jini” kamar yadda “lafiya ta firgita.” Wannan
ba shi da alhaki kuma ba shi da goyan bayan bayanan kimiyya. Kamar daya kawai
misali, FDA ta damu sosai game da haɗarin phthalates a cikin likita
na'urorin da ta ba da shawarar maye gurbin wanda ba ya ƙunshi phthalate
na'urori a duk lokacin da zai yiwu, musamman a cikin kula da jarirai maza, masu ciki
matan da ke dauke da 'yan tayin maza, da kuma mazan da ke cikin mahaifa.
Kalamai "abinci mai guba yana da lafiya, lafiyayye kuma mai gina jiki"Kuma
"Babu isotopes na rediyoaktif da ke da hannu" a cikin aiwatar da saka iska a abinci,
duka biyun karya ne.
Global Warming
Game da dumamar yanayi, ACSH ta ba da lambar yabo ta Kimiyyar Sauti ta 2005
da Michael Crichton. Crichton's novel Kasar Tsoro isar da sako guda biyu,
bisa ga ACSH: (1) "Shaidar kimiyya ba ta goyi bayan duniya ba
ɗumamar fargaba-ko ma faruwar wani gagarumin yanayin ɗumamar yanayi”; kuma
(2) The m (da m) da'awar cewa "muhalli motsi da
shugabancinta da ake samun albashi mai kyau ya tsallake rijiya da baya saboda
nan ne kudin suke.” Dr. Whelan ya yabawa Crichton don fuskantar
"barazanar pseudoscience… a cikin wannan yanayin, imani da cewa m mutum
ayyuka (kona man fetur) ya sanya duniya cikin haɗari sosai
dumi, yana haifar da sauye-sauyen yanayi da ke haifar da mutuwa da zullumi. ACSH ya da
koma ga waɗanda suka bayyana mummunan sakamakon lafiya da muhalli
na dumamar yanayi da kuma wadanda ke kira da a hana burbushin man fetur a matsayin "masu halaka"
da "masu tsoro."
Hare-hare kan Masana Kimiyya da Kasuwancin Kimiyya
ACSH ta ce "yana wasa da ka'idodin kimiyya." ACSH kuma tayi ikirarin cewa
shi "[ba ya] yin harin ad hominem." Wannan ya saba wa posting
a kan gidan yanar gizon sa yana nufin membobin ƙungiyar muhalli a matsayin "mai guba
‘yan ta’adda.” Bugu da ƙari, a cikin harangue da aka buga kwanan nan a cikin yawanci-marasa son zuciya
Mai tambaya mai ban mamaki, Whelan ya soki Dr. Barry Levy da ɗan gwagwarmaya
Erin Brockovich a matsayin “mutane da…
ta hanyar shari’a”.
Levy, wanda ya shiga a matsayin kwararre a shari'ar da ke da alaka da asbestos,
tsohon shugaban kungiyar Kiwon Lafiyar Jama'a ta Amurka (APHA) ne kuma
marubuci da malami wanda ake girmamawa sosai, wanda aikinsa ya haɗa da aiki
CDC, Hukumar Raya Kasashe ta Amurka (USAID), da kuma
shugabancin Likitoci na kasa da kasa don Rigakafin Yakin Nukiliya
(wanda ya lashe kyautar Nobel ta zaman lafiya ta 1985). Domin nasarorin da ya samu, Levy
ya lashe lambar yabo mafi girma ta APHA, lambar yabo ta Sedgwick. Brokovich ya samu
Babban darajar Makarantar Harvard na Kiwon Lafiyar Jama'a, Julius Richmond
Kyauta don fallasa gurɓataccen iskar gas na Pacific da Electric na ruwan ƙasa na California
tare da chromium-6, wanda aka danganta da ciwon daji na ciki.
ACSH yana da faffadan gaban kafofin watsa labarai kuma gidan yanar gizon sa yana jan hankali da yawa
na daidaikun mutane ("matsakaicin 100,000 kowane wata don 2005"). Dr. Whelan
An nuna shi a kan NBC's "Yau Show," CNN's "CNN Live," da CNBC's "Kasuwanci
Masu ciki." Editocin Whelan da Ross sun bayyana a cikin New York
Times da kuma Wall Street Journal, a tsakanin sauran manyan wallafe-wallafe. Yayin mafi
masana kimiyya kada su sami matsala gani ta hanyar pseudoscience da
son zuciya na ACSH bayan ko da bincikar gidan yanar gizon su da wallafe-wallafen su,
Ana iya rinjayar waɗanda ba su san da ACSH ba. Har ila yau, jama'a masu zaman kansu
za a iya yaudare su da gaske ta maganganunsu, kuma hakan na iya haifar da hakan
mutane don canza salon rayuwarsu da ko halayen siyayya a sakamakon haka,
wanda hakan na iya haifar da mace-mace da mace-macen da ba dole ba.
ACSH da sauran ƙungiyoyi suna da tarihin rufe bakin masana kimiyya da masu fafutuka
ta hanyar barazanar shari'a da kuma SLAPP kara (Strategic Lawsuits Against
Ƙungiyoyi masu zaman kansu, ƙararrakin da ba su da cancanta kuma da wuya su kai ga shari'a,
amma an ƙera su don karkatar da hankali, tsoratarwa, da lalata ilimin kimiyya,
doka, da albarkatun kuɗi na daidaikun mutane da ƙungiyoyi masu sadaukar da kansu ga jama'a
lafiya). Waɗannan dabarun, da kuma waɗanda ke amfani da su ta hanyar magunguna
masana'antu (kamar yarjejeniyar sirri da rashin buga bayanai mara kyau
zuwa samfuran su) suna tasiri ga bincike, asibiti, da jama'a
aikin kiwon lafiya na kwararrun masana kimiyya da kwararrun kiwon lafiya. Irin wannan
kuskuren furci na ƙungiyoyi yana rinjayar zaɓaɓɓun jami'an mu. Barazana
na shari'ar karkatar da lokaci mai mahimmanci na masu ba da lafiya, masu gyara,
da ma'aikatun shari'a nesa ba kusa ba daga ayyukan bincike masu inganci,
koyarwa, rubutu, da kula da haƙuri. Irin wannan karkatar da lokaci da hankali
albarkatun sun ƙunshi cin zarafi na kimiyya, kuma ana nufin rufe su
wanda ke ba da shawarar ingantaccen ilimin. Irin wannan barazanar na iya yin tasiri mai sanyi a kai
masana kimiyya da masu ba da shawara na kiwon lafiya, waɗanda za su iya yanke shawarar cewa ya fi hikima
kauce wa rikici fiye da buga abun ciki zuwa ga ACSH da sauran irin waɗannan ƙungiyoyi
mai yuwuwa ƙin yarda.
A yau, manhajojin ilimin kimiyyar jama'a na Amurka suna ƙara ɗaukar nauyin haɗin gwiwa.
Gwamnatin yanzu ta canza rahotannin ka'idojin kimiyya
ƙungiyoyi da kuma sanya alƙawura ga kwamitocin kimiyya bisa ƙari akan siyasa
da kuma akidar addini da kuma alakar kasuwanci fiye da na ilimi.
A cikin irin wannan yanayi, yana da mahimmanci ga ƙwararru da wallafe-wallafe
don fallasa ayyukan ƙungiyoyi kamar ACSH da kuma masana kimiyya suyi yaƙi
baya da irin wadannan kungiyoyin na cin zarafi.
Z
Martin Donohoe MD ne a cikin Magungunan Ciki a Kaiser Sunnyside Medical
Cibiyar da kuma malami mai ba da shawara na Ma'aikatar Kiwon Lafiyar Jama'a.
Hakanan memba ne na kwamitin masu ba da shawara na Likitocin Oregon don Social
Nauyi. Ga rikodin, ba ya samun tallafin masana'antu don nasa
aiki.