Russell Mokhiber da kuma Robert Weissman
The
Wata rana, a kantin sayar da littattafai na gida, mun ba da littafi. Sannan ya ninka baya.
Littafin mai suna Wanene Ya mallaki Amurka?: Sanarwar 'Yancin Kai.
Ya ji kamar mutanen da ya kamata mu sani sun rubuta shi. Amma a gaba
bincike, ba mu gane ko ɗaya daga cikin sunaye a bangon ba.
Wanda
Ya mallaki Amurka? 21 masu ra'ayin mazan jiya ne suka rubuta. Kuma shi
an fara buga shi a cikin 1936. An sake fitowa a wannan shekara, tare da sabo
gabatarwar Farfesa na Tarihin Jami'ar Seton Hall Farfesa Edward S. Shapiro, Wanda
Ya mallaki Amurka? (Littattafan ISI, Wilmington, Delaware, 1999), suna da matuƙar suka
manyan cibiyoyi na kamfanoni waɗanda ke sarrafa tattalin arzikin siyasa a cikin 1930s
Amurka. Mawallafinsa ya yi imanin cewa littafin yana da dacewa a yau kamar ranar da yake
aka buga.
Gyara
ta Pulitizer Prize wanda ya lashe Louisville Courier-Journal marubuci Herbert Agar da
Mawaƙin kudu Allen Tate, Wanene Ya Mallakar Amurka? yana fitar da nau'in zagi
sukar da ba za ku iya samu ba a muhawarar siyasar yau. Kamar
masu ra'ayin mazan jiya na kamfanoni - George Will, James Glassman da Charles
Krauthammer - masu ra'ayin mazan jiya waɗanda suka rubuta Wanene Ya mallaki Amurka? yi imani da cewa
kallon babbar gwamnati ta yi barazana ga 'yancin mutum da kuma kyakkyawar Amurka.
Amma ba kamar kamfanoni na yau ba, Agar, Tate da abokan aikinsu
fahimci cewa ikon jama'a shine kawai maganin wuce gona da iri
ikon kamfani.
Agarin,
Tate da abokan aikinsu sun yi jayayya cewa don cimma burin ra'ayin mazan jiya na ƙasa
gwamnati, da farko dole ne ka iyakance girma da ikon babban kamfani
cibiyoyin da suka yi yawo a cikin ƙasa.
hankula
na 1930s masu ra'ayin mazan jiya rubuce-rubuce a cikin wannan juzu'in shine masu ra'ayin mulkin kama-karya
masanin tattalin arziki Richard Ransom. "The dindindin haya a kan rayuwa wanda kamfanoni
mallaka yana ƙara maida hankali a cikin ƴan hannaye mallakar da
kula da kadarorin gaba ɗaya," in ji Ransom a cikin wani babi mai suna Corporate
da daidaikun mutane. “Rashin raba kasa da kasa
arziƙi a bayyane yake saboda babban ɓangare na dabi'ar kamfani don taro
manya da manyan tarukan mallaka waɗanda kamfanoni ke riƙe tare
dindindin da inertia na kamfani. ..."
Ransom ta
maganin matsalar kula da dukiyar kasa? Tarayya
hayar kamfanoni masu yin kasuwanci tsakanin jihohi. Kuma abin da ya kamata
jihohin yi game da wuce kima ikon kamfanoni? Ya kamata jihohi su iyakance
"Rayuwar kasuwanci mai riba na kamfanoni wanda suke tsarawa."
Kuma ta yaya jihohi za su cimma wannan ƙarshen?
"Wannan
ƙila za a iya yi ta hanyar babban zaɓin harajin gado a kan
canja wurin hannun jari ko kadarori," in ji Ransom. Kuma menene
wannan zai cimma?
"Irin haka
ɗan gajeren lokaci na rayuwar kamfani, ko dai an cika shi a kaikaice kamar yadda aka ba da shawara
a nan ko cim ma ta hanyoyin gaggawa, zai haifar da ƙarin kai tsaye
alhakin kai a cikin gudanarwar kamfanoni," in ji Ransom. Sau ɗaya
Kamfanoni na jihohi suna hayar gwamnatin tarayya, Ransom ya ba da shawarar cewa
ya kamata a tsawaita alhakin kai na masu hannun jari zuwa adadi aƙalla
daidai da ninki biyu na daidaitaccen jarin kowane mai hannun jari (a halin yanzu, ku
zai iya rasa abin da kuka saka a ciki kawai.)
Can
Kuna tunanin Will ko Krauthammer suna tunanin waɗannan tunanin?
Salon
Lanier, farfesa a fannin ilimin halin dan Adam a Jami'ar Vanderbilt, ya rubuta babi
mai taken "Babban Kasuwanci a Jihar Property," in da ya lura da haka
“Al’ummar Amurka sun dade sun fahimci hadarin da ke tattare da dimokuradiyya
karfin tattalin arziki ya ta'allaka ne a hannun manyan kamfanoni." Yan majalisa
sun zartar da dokokin hana amincewa a farkon karni, "amma waɗannan dokokin sun yi
ya kasance ba shi da ƙarfi don dakatar da tashin hankalin manyan ƙungiyoyin kasuwanci, ”Lanier
ya rubuta.
Industrial
jari hujja, Lanier ya rubuta, "ya bi tafarkin ci gaba wanda shine
duka masu halaka kansu da haɗari ga cibiyoyin dimokuradiyya." Lanier,
kamar co-marubuta, sami bege a Jefferonian manufa na kananan kasuwanci da
kananan manoma.
The
buga wannan juzu'i a yau ya sanya George Will, James Glassman da su
Masu ra'ayin mazan jiya suna kama da kwat da wando idan aka kwatanta da waɗanda suka rubuta Wanene
Ya mallaki America?. Manyan kamfanoni har yanzu suna yawo a cikin ƙasa kuma har yanzu suna barazanar a
dimokuradiyya mai rauni. Amma babu Agar da ke da hakkin ya kalubalanci su.
Ba shi da bukata
a ce, ba za mu iya ba kuma ba za mu yarda da duk abin da waɗannan 21 suka rubuta ba
masu kiran kansu "masu ra'ayin mazan jiya" na 1930s.
amma
mun yarda da ra'ayin mazan jiya da aka bayyana a cikin littafin, kamar yadda aka taƙaita
ta Agar, cewa tattarawar kamfanoni da dimokuradiyya suna cikin saɓani.
"Yaushe
Dimokuradiyya ta ragu kafin tsarin jari-hujja na kadaici," in ji Agar, "da
sakamakon ya kasance azzalumi na son zuciya, tare da kiyaye duk munanan tsarin jari hujja da
kashe kyawawan halaye."
Russell
Mokhiber editan ne na Mai ba da rahoton Laifuffuka na tushen Washington, DC.
Robert Weissman shi ne editan Cibiyar Kula da Ƙasashen Duniya ta Washington, DC.
Su ne haɗin gwiwar marubutan Kamfanoni Predators: The Hunt for MegaProfits da
Harin Dimokuradiyya (Monroe, Maine: Babban Jarida na Jarida, 1999, http://www.corporatepredators.org)