Michael Ratner
Early
A kan al'amarin Elian Janet Reno ta yanke shawara daidai. A ranar 5 ga Janairu
ta ƙudurta cewa mahaifin Elian yana da dangantaka ta kud da kud da nasa
dan da cewa yana da ikon doka kawai don yin magana a madadin Elian a
al'amuran shige da fice. Sai ta shawarci babban kawun Elain cewa Elian ya kasance
ya sake haduwa da mahaifinsa a ranar 14 ga Janairu. Koyaya, tun daga wannan ranar, Janet Reno
kasa gaba ɗaya – aƙalla har zuwa 12 ga Afrilu – don ɗaukar duk wani abin da ake bukata
ayyukan da ka iya tilasta mata shawarar da kuma kawo karshen wannan cikin gaggawa
al'amari. A cikin wannan watanni 31/2 ta sanya ranar ƙarshe bayan wa'adin ranar ƙarshe
sake haduwa da Elian da mahaifinsa, amma bai yarda ya tsaya kan matsayinta ba.
Ya zama kusan abin dariya; sai dai wannan na al'ummarmu ne
babban jami'in tilasta bin doka. Ayyukanta sun zama abin izgili ga kanta da kuma
mulkin doka.
Duk da haka,
tasirin Elian na ayyukanta shine ainihin bala'i. A lokacin mahimmanci
Bayan mutuwar mahaifiyarsa, ba a ba Elian damar yin baƙin ciki ko kasancewa tare da shi ba
mahaifinsa wanda zai iya yi masa ta'aziyya. Maimakon haka, Reno ya ƙyale babban kawun
don cin zarafin Elian ta hanyoyi daban-daban: kai shi zuwa Disneyworld kwanaki biyar bayan
mutuwar mahaifiyarsa, ya ba shi damar zama ɗan poster ga
Gidauniyar Cuban-American National Foundation, ta ba shi damar yin hira da Diane
Sawyer kuma yanzu sabon bidiyon Elian yana cewa baya son komawa
Kuba. Janet Reno ta ƙyale wannan yanayi na circus ya mamaye wanda Elian ya kasance
babban mai yin wasan kwaikwayo; ba ta ma ba da umarni ga babban kawun cewa haka ba
halin rashin kulawa dole ya daina. Ta iya ba da umarnin cire Elian cikin sauƙi
babban kawu a kan wannan kadai. Ba babban kawu ba ne kawai
laifin cin zarafin yara.
wasu
zai iya tambaya da kyau wane zaɓi ne da gaske Reno yake da shi. Ba ta son aika
Marshals na tarayya zuwa Miami da farko saboda dalilai na siyasa ('yan Democrat sun yi
ba a son rasa kuɗi da kuri'un al'ummar Cuban), amma mai yiwuwa don
dalilan aminci kuma. Duk da haka, da ta yi haka da wuri kan wasu haɗarin
za a iya kauce masa. Waɗannan Cubans a Miami suna adawa da ikon gwamnati
ba su da tsari sosai, lamarin zai daɗe kuma Elian zai yi
ya dawo inda Reno ya ce nasa ne.
amma
Ma'aikatan gwamnatin tarayya ba zabinta kadai ba ne. Maimakon ka gayawa kawu mai girma
12 ga Janairu cewa za ta tsawaita wa'adin ranar 14 ga Janairu yana jiran kowace tarayya
karar kotu babban kawun na iya shigar da shi, da ta iya ba da umarni
bukatar dawowar Elian. Lokacin da babban kawu ya ki yarda, ta iya
sun je kotun tarayya, kuma sun nemi kotu ta ba su umarnin kotu. Babban kawun
rashin yin biyayya ga wannan umarni zai haifar da raina kotu; zai iya samu
an ci tarar kowace rana ta ƙi kuma a daure shi kusan nan da nan. A lokacin
har yanzu Janairu; barazanar da wata kotun tarayya ta yi ya isa haka. Reno
Hakanan zai iya fara wani laifi a kan babban kawun nasa
rashin bin umarninta; zargin zai iya hada da sace yara
da yiwuwar yin garkuwa da mutane. Bugu da ƙari, waɗannan ayyukan da wataƙila sun tilasta
yarda. Abin nufi anan shine Reno bai gaji da aiki mai karfi tsakani ba;
Ba ta yi haka ba ko da farkon kawun ya shiga kotun tarayya.
Ba ta taba neman kotu ta ba da umarnin a dawo da Elian ba.
In
odar 21 ga watan Maris na korar babban kawun na tarayya, inji alkalin
cewa "kowace ranar wucewa wata rana ce ta ɓace tsakanin Juan Gonzalez da nasa
son.” Reno, yayin da yake yarda da raunin wannan ci gaba da rabuwa ya kasance
haifar da Elian, har yanzu ya ƙi ɗaukar wani muhimmin mataki. Ta saita wani
wa'adin da babban kawu ya yarda cewa idan ya rasa daukaka kara, ya
zai dawo Elian - a wasu kalmomi yarda da biyayya ga doka. Har yanzu, gaskiya ga
form, ta kan yi shawarwari kowace rana, kowace rana tana tsawaita wa'adin da cutarwa
ku Elian. Babban kawun bai taba yarda cewa zai bi doka ba. Duk da haka
lokacin da mahaifin Elian ya zo Amurka ta sake fara tattaunawa (ro
na iya zama mafi kyawun kalma), wannan lokacin don dawowar Elian. Wannan yana nufin ma fiye
jinkiri. Kallon kallon ta – Babban Lauyan Amurka – tana tashi
zuwa Miami don shawo kan mutanen da suka riga sun ce ba za su yi biyayya da doka ba, ya kasance
abin kunya ba kawai a gare ta ba, amma ga dukan Ma'aikatar Shari'a. Daga karshe,
a karshen mako guda na wannan hali ta gane (ko aƙalla fata ɗaya) cewa
babban kawu ba zai bar Elian ba. Wannan a bayyane yake ga yawancin
masu kallo watannin da suka gabata. Ta sa'an nan, kuma kawai a lokacin, bayar da oda a mayar da Elian.
Babban kawun ya ki.
He
daga nan kuma ya garzaya kotun daukaka kara ta tarayya kuma ya yi nasara a kan hukuncin wucin gadi
hana Elian barin ƙasar. A wannan lokacin Reno ta yi abin da ta yi
kamata yayi a farkon watan Janairu: ta nemi kotu ta umarci babban kawun
dawo Elian. Mai yiwuwa (da fatan) kotun daukaka kara za ta yi haka-amma ma
wannan mataki idan aka ɗauka zai kasance ƙarƙashin yanayin da Reno ya amince da shi
gaba: Ba za a ba da izinin Elian ya bar Amurka ba har sai an ƙare roko.
Babban kawun ba shi da damar cin nasarar daukaka kara: al'amarin ya kasance mara dadi daga
farkon. Yanayin da alama ba shi da ma'ana, amma aƙalla Elian zai yi a kowane hali
a sake haduwa da mahaifinsa a lokacin aikin.
ta Elian
shari’a hakika shari’a ce ta jinkiri, an hana adalci. Ya kasance a cikin
ikon gwamnati na yin abin da ya dace, ba wai kawai ta faɗi abin da ya dace ba. Yana
yana cikin ikon Janet Reno don rage wahalar Elian kuma ya ƙyale shi
lokacin warkewa. Ta kasa kasa mu da kuma Elian.
Michael
Ratner shine mataimakin shugaban cibiyar kare hakkin tsarin mulki da kuma
Skelly Wright Fellow a Yale Law School.